Sick term Infant Flashcards
What does the APGAR score take into account?
Heart Rate Respir. Effort Tone Colour Response
Respiration APGAR criteria?
0- Absent
1- Weak, irregular, gasping
2. Strong cry
Response criteria on APGAR?
0- none
1- FEEBLE cry when stimulated
2- Cry of PULL away when stimulated
What is asked inHX prior to examination?
- mum: PMH, pregnancy issues (scans, delivery, post-delivery), drugs, infections
- fetus: growth, anomaly, resuscitation
Normal respiratory rate?
40-60/min
What is involved in the initial management of the bby?
Temperature
- Airway and breathing (SaO2-95%?)
- Circulation: fluids, ionotropes?
- Metabolic homeostasis: glucose management and acid-base balance
- antibiotics
What issues may a sick bby have ?
congenital problems
- birth related
- infection
- metabolic
So what additional support may the bby need?
- drugs
- ventilation
- surgery
- transfer
- specific therapy (therapeutic cooling)
What is the likely infection if antenatal?
- bacterial
Likely infection is post-natal vs perinatal?
- perinatal: VIRAL
- Postnatal: fungal
Common causes of bacterial infection in neonate?
- Gr. B streptococcus
- E.coli
- Listeria Myocytogenes
- Staph. Aureus
- Staph. Epidermidis
Viral causes of infections?
- CMV
- Parvovirus
- Herpes Virus
- Enterovirus
(others: Toxoplasma gondii, HIV, TORCH, Syphilis)
Birth related issues:
Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
- Transient Tachypnoeic Newborn
- Pneumothorax (spontaneous vs active resuscitation)
- Heart Failure: Rhesus, Hydrops Fetalis, Chromosomal
- failure to adapt to postnatal life (PPHN)
Cardiac anomalies that may arise?
- tetralogy of fallot
- TAPVD
- hypoplastic heart
- coarctation of the aorta
- transposition of great arteries
COngenital respir. problems?
- tracheo-esophageal fistula
- diaphragmatic hernia
