Imaging of the Breast Flashcards
Which view is best for mammography?
- oblique view
- –as most cancer develop in the Upper outer quadrant; where there is more fibroglandular tissue
What are the advantages of mammography?
- HIGH sensitivity (can detect DCIS) and invasive cancer
- only screening method known to reduce MORTALITY
What is a mammography? q
- medical imaging that uses LOW dose xray imaging
-
What are the disadvs of mammography?
- use of ionzing radiation (small risk of cancer)
- false positives (those who do annual mammographies and are 40-49 y.o are at 30% risk of false +)
- small % find it painful
Relation with density and breast cancer?
women with 76%-100% density have 4-5x risk of breast cancer
What is Tomosynthesis? Why is it said to be similar to CT scan imaging?
- 3-D breast imaging (mammography)
- takes images of the breast from multiple angle and assembles it
What is contrast enhanced spectral mammography?
- breast density is cancelled out
- –normal mammography combined with contrast dye
Use of breast ultrasound?
- helps differentiate between Cystic and solid mass
- (PROVIDES CLEAR IMAGE OF SOFT TISSUES—missed by xrays)
- —esp. fine with those <30 y.o
What is special imaging that is an extension of the ultrasound?
- elastography (measures stiffness of the tissue= usually malignant masses) —–not quantitative
Why are cancers stiff?
- collagen in the stroma is chaotic and disorganized (poorly alligned) —-normally collagen is well-aligned and organized
Most sensitive modality of breast screening for cancer?
Name a disadv.
- MRI may shows tiny foci of cancer in places FAR from the site of cancer lesion —which is usually mopped up by radiotherapy and systemic therapy
Causes of single duct discharge?
DCIS/ INVASIVE/ DUCT ECTASIA/ PAPILLOMA
Why may a breast abscess form?
Breast feeding and duct ectasia
How is a breast abscess managed
USG
and Antibiotics
What is a spiculate mass?
- a lump of mass with points on the surface
