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MSK AM > Shoulder and elbow problems > Flashcards

Shoulder and elbow problems Flashcards

1
Q

Who are upper limb fractures most often seen in?

A

Young- high energy injury

Elderly osteoporotic patient

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2
Q

What is the treatment of an upper limb fracture dependent on?

A

Fracture configuration

Patient biology

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3
Q

What is the most common type of shoulder dislocation?

A

Anterior

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4
Q

What are posterior shoulder dislocations associated with?

A

Seizures

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5
Q

What is the management of a shoulder dislocation?

A

Manipulation
Immobilisation
Physio
Surgery

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6
Q

What is subacromial impingement?

A

Pain and dysfunction resulting from any pathology which decreases the volume of subacromial space or increases size of its contents

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7
Q

What are the causes of subacromial impingement?

A

Bony outgrowth under acromion
Inflammation under supraspinatous
Inflammation under subacromial bursa

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8
Q

Who is subacromial impingement seen in?

A

30-50 year olds

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9
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of subacromial impingement?

A

Painful arc

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10
Q

What is the treatment of subacromial impingement?

A

Subacromual steroid injection
Physio
Arthroscopic subacromial decompression

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11
Q

What is adhesive capsulitis?

A

Frozen shoulder

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12
Q

What are the types of frozen shoulder?

A

Primary= idiopathic

Secondary

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13
Q

What are the factors that contribute to secondary frozen shoulder?

A

DM
Trauma
Previous shoulder surgery
Thyroid dysfunction

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14
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of frozen shoulder?

A

Early on- severe pain
Increasing stiffness
Thaws by 18-24 months

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15
Q

How is adhesive capsulitis diagnosed?

A

Clinical

Normal xray

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16
Q

What is the treatment of frozen shoulder?

A

Analgesia
Physio
Steroid injection
Surgery

17
Q

What are the causes of rotator cuff tears?

A

Traumatic

Degenerative

18
Q

What is the treatment of rotator cuff injuries?

A

Acute- early surgery

Chronic- surgery if symptomatic

19
Q

What are the causes of shoulder arthritis?

A

Osteoarthritis
Inflammatory arthritis
Post traumatic arthritis

20
Q

What is epicondylitis?

A

Tendinopathy of flexors/extensors of forearm

21
Q

What is Golfer’s elbow?

A

Medial epicondylitis

22
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Golfer’s elbow?

A

Pain on inside of forearm during or after flexion/extension and exacerbated by repeated movement

23
Q

What is Tennis elbow?

A

Lateral epicondylitis

24
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Tennis elbow?

A

Pain on outside of arm during flexion/extension and exacerbated by repeated movement

25
Q

What is th treatment of epicondylitis?

A

Platelet rich plasma injection into tendon then physio

MSK AM (37 decks)

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