Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK AM > Osteoporosis > Flashcards

Osteoporosis Flashcards

1
Q

What can cause osteoporosis?

A

Endocrine
Rheumatic
GI
Medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the endocrine causes of osteoporosis?

A 
Thyrotoxicosis
Hyper and hypo parathyroidism
Cushings
Hyperprolactinaemia
Hypopituitarism
Low sex hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the rheumatic causes of osteoporosis?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Polymyalgia rheumatica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the GI causes of osteoporosis?

A

UC and Crohn’s
Liver diseases
Malabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What liver diseases cause osteoporosis?

A

Alcoholic cirrhosis
Viral cirrhosis
Primary biliary cholangitis
Chronic active hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the malabsorption causes of osteoporosis?

A 
Coeliac
CF
Chronic pancreatisis
Whipples disease
Short gut syndrome
Ischaemic bowel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What medications can cause osteoporosis?

A 
Steroids
PPIEnzyme inducing anti epileptic medications
Aromatase inhibitors
GnRH inhibitors
Warfarin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?

A 
Female 
Women >50, men >65
Low BMI
White
Post menopausal
Smoking
Excessive alcohol use
FH of maternal hip fracture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most common presentation of osteoporosis?

A

Asymptomatic until fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the possible presentation of osteoporosis?

A 
Asymptomatic
Fracture
Back pain
Kyphosis
Impaired gait or balance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the principles of osteoporosis treatment?

A

Minimise risk factors
Ensure good calcium and vit D status
Medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What medications can be used to treat osteoporosis?

A 
Bisphosphonates
HRT
Selective oestrogen receptor modulator
Denosumab
Teriparatide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the first line pharm treatment of osteoporosis?

A

Oral bisphosphonates if renal function, calcium and vit D adequate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the side effects of bisphosphonates?

A

Oesophagitis
Iritis/uveitis
Osteonecrosis of jaw
Atypical femoral shaft fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the side effects of HRT?

A

Increased risk of blood clot and breast cancer

Increase risk of heart disease and stroke if started once menopause has started

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the side effects of selective oestrogen receptor modulator?

A

Hot flushes
Increased clotting risk
Lack of protection at hip

17
Q

How does denosumab work?

A

Monoclonal antibody that reduces osteoclastic bone resorption

18
Q

When is denosumab used?

A

In significant renal failure

19
Q

What are the side effects of denosumab?

A

Allergy/rash
Symptomatic hypocalcaemia
Osteonecrosis of jaw
Atypical femoral shaft fractures

20
Q

What are the side effects of teriparatide?

A

Injection site rash
Rarely hypercalcaemia
Allergy

MSK AM (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions