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MSK AM > Bone and soft tissue tumours > Flashcards

Bone and soft tissue tumours Flashcards

1
Q

What is a sarcoma?

A

Malignant tumour arising from connective tissue

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2
Q

How do sarcoma spread?

A

Along fascial planes
Haematogenous spread to lungs
Rarely regionally to lymphatics

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3
Q

What are the common type of bone tumours?

A

Benign

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4
Q

What are the types of benign bone forming tumours?

A

Osteoid osteoma

Osteoblastoma

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5
Q

What are the types of malignant bone forming tumours?

A

Osteosarcoma

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6
Q

What are the types of benign cartilage forming tumour?

A

Enchrondroma

OSteochondroma

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7
Q

What are the types of malignant cartilage forming tumours?

A

Chrondrosarcoma

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8
Q

What are the types of benign fibrous tissue tumours?

A

Fibroma

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9
Q

What are the types of malignant fibrous tissue tumours?

A

Fibrosarcoma

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma

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10
Q

What are the types of benign vascular tissue tumours?

A

Haemangioma

Aneurysmal bone cyst

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11
Q

What are the types of malignant vascular tissue tumours?

A

Angiosarcoma

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12
Q

What is a benign adipose tissue tumour?

A

Lipoma

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13
Q

What is a malignant adipose tissue tumour?

A

Liposarcoma

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14
Q

What are the types of marrow tissue tumours?

A

Ewing’s sarcoma
Lymphoma
Myeloma

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15
Q

What investigations can be done for suspected tumours?

A 
Xray
CT
Isotope bone scan
MRI
Angiography
PET
Biopsy
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16
Q

What is xray most useful for?

A

Bone lesions

17
Q

What is CT most useful for?

A

Assessing ossification and classification

18
Q

What is isotope bone scanning most useful for?

A

Staging of skeletal mets

19
Q

What are PET scans most useful for?

A

Assessing response to chemo

20
Q

What are the types pf primary malignant bone tumours?

A

Osteosarcoma
Ewings sarcoma
Chondrosarcoma

21
Q

What are the clinical features of malignant bone tumours?

A 
Pain- increasing, night pain, not exercise related
Loss of function- reduced joint movement, stiff
Swelling
Pathological fracture
Joint effusion
Deformity
Neurovascular effects
Systemic effects of neoplasia
22
Q

What is the treatment for primary malignant bone tumours?

A

Chemo
Surgery
Radiotherapy

23
Q

What are the common sites of bone mets?

A 
Vertebrae
Proximal femur
Pelvis
Ribs
Sternum
Skull
24
Q

What are the common cancers that spread to the bone?

A 
Big 3
-Lung
-Breast
-Prostate
Kidney
Thyroid
GI
Melanoma
25
Q

How are bone mets assessed?

A

Mirel’s criteria

26
Q

What Mirel’s score would suggest prophylactic intervention is required?

27
Q

What are th suspicious signs when suspecting a soft tissue tumour?

A 
Deep tumours
Subcutaneous tumour >5cm
Rapid growth
Hard, craggy, non tender mass
Painless
Any recurrent mass
28
Q

What investigations are done for soft tissue tumours?

MSK AM (37 decks)

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