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MSK AM > Joints, synovial fluid and cartilage > Flashcards

Joints, synovial fluid and cartilage Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of joint?

A

Fibrous
Cartilinagous
SYnovial

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2
Q

What are examples of fibrous joints?

A

Periodontal
Cranial sutures
Interossoeus membranes

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3
Q

What are the types of cartilinagous joint?

A

Synchrondrosis

Symphysis

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4
Q

What is in a synchrondrosis joint?

A

Hyaline cartilage

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5
Q

What is in a symphysis joint?

A

Hyaline and fibrocartilage

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6
Q

What are the types of synovial joint?

A 
Plane
Hinge
Pivot
Condylae
Saddle
Ball and socket
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7
Q

What are the common features of synovial joint?

A

Synovial cavity containing synovial fluid
Articular cartilage
Fibrous cartilage
Synovial membrane

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8
Q

What are the components of synovial fluid?

A

Hyaluronic acis
Lubricin
Fluid from blood plasma

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9
Q

How much synovial fluid is prevent in the knee joint?

A

0.5ml

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10
Q

What are the functions of the synovial fluid?

A

Nutrition of cartilage
Removal of waste products
Lubrication

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11
Q

What ae the layers of articular cartilage?

A

Superficial layer

Transitional layer

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12
Q

What is the superficial layer of articular cartilage?

A

Flattened chondrocytes that produce collagen and glycoproteins

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13
Q

What is the transitional layer of articular cartilage?

A

Round chondrocytes that produce proteoglycans

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14
Q

What does the articular cartilage lack?

A

Vascular, neural or lymphatics

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15
Q

What is the function of the synovial membrane?

A

Synoviocytes produce synovial fluid

Allows for direct exchange of oxygen, CO2 and metabolites between blood and synovial fluid

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16
Q

What are the types of cells in the synovial membrane?

A

Type A- look like macrophages, remove debris and contribute to synovial fluid
Type B- fibroblast like, main producer of synovial fluid

17
Q

What may synovial joints contain?

A

Articular discs
Ligaments
Bursae

18
Q

What are the 3 types of lubrication?

A

Boundary
Hydrodynamic
Weeping

19
Q

What is boundary lubrication?

A

Glycoproteins bind to receptor on articular surfaces to form a thin film

20
Q

What is hydrodynamic lubrication?

A

Surfaces kept apart by liquid pressure

21
Q

What is weeping lubrication?

A

Fluid present in cartilage squeezed out into synovial cavity to increase fluid volume

22
Q

What happens re joints in ageing?

A

Viscocity of synovial fluid increases- slower joint movements, reduced lubrication
Water content of cartilage decreases- reduced shock absorption

23
Q

What provides joint stability?

A

Shape of articulating surfaces
Capsule and ligament
Muscle

MSK AM (37 decks)

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