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Psychopathology > Short answers > Flashcards

Short answers Flashcards

1
Q

CA:

What are the 5 types of clinical assessment?

A 
1 Clinical interview 
2 Physical examination 
3 Behavioural assessment
4 Psychological testing 
5 Information from sig. others
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2
Q 
5 types of clinical assessment 
1 Clinical interview 
2 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ examination 
3 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ assessment
4 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ testing 
5 Information from sig. others
A

Physical; Behavioural; Psychological

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3
Q

Presenting problems, current and past behaviours, medical and life history, and current risk are all evaluated in what?

A

The Clinical interview

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4
Q

Structured or semi-structured _______ ______ also typically use the Mental Status Exam

A

Clinical interviews

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5
Q

What is a physical examination good for?

A

To rule out medical condition influence

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6
Q

The _______ _________’s purpose to confirm occurrence of problem behaviours and situations and identity antecedents, behaviours, and consequences

A

Behavioural assessment

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7
Q

Risk of financial harm is associated typically with what disorder?

A

Mania

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8
Q

Risk of reputation is primarily associated with what psychological disorder?

A

Psychotic disorder, predominantly mania

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9
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_: 
\: Being abnormally thin
\: fear of gaining weight
\: engaging in behaviours to prevent weight gains
\: body image disturbance
A

Anorexia criteria

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10
Q

Is self-esteem associated with anorexia?

A

yes

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11
Q

Is perfectionism associated with anorexia?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Is negative emotions in body dissatisfaction associated with anorexia?

A

yes

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13
Q

Are there different types of treatment settings in anorexia ?

A

Yes inpatient treatment and out-patient treatment; also day-patient treatment

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14
Q

Is there a strong attachment to the disorder in anorexia?

A

Yes

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15
Q

__________ __________ therapy is used in anorexia and aims to help patients increase their motivation to change so that are more able to engage in treatment and make a lasting recovery

A

Motivational enhancement

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16
Q

In ____, dysfunctional beliefs regarding food and weight are targeted in anorexia

A

CBT

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17
Q

Is family therapy used in anorexia?

A

Yes, especially for younger children

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18
Q

The Maudsley Model of family-based treatment is used in the treatment of _________ and encourages the establishment of new patterns of family relationships and accountability in eating

A

anorexia

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19
Q

Is there an intense fear in gaining weight in anorexia?

A

Yes

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20
Q

What are some features of Bulimia?

A

Large intake of food in a short amount of time
Inappropriate compensatory behaviours
At least once a week for three months
Low self-evaluation of body shape and weight

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21
Q

Is there a lack of control in bulimia?

A

yes

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22
Q

Is motivational enhancement therapy used in bulimia?

A

Yes

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23
Q

CBT includes education, targeting dysfunctional cognitions, and relapse prevention in ________ treatment

A

bulimia

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24
Q

Is interpersonal therapy used in bulimia?

A

Yes

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25
Q

Interpersonal therapy is to help individuals identity and change current interpersonal problems in ________ treatment

A

bulimia

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26
Q

OCD criteria:

1: Obsessions and/or __________
2: must cause marked dysfunction and ________
3: Symptoms must not be attributable to _________ use
4: Obsessions and compulsions cannot be restricted to another _________

A

compulsions; distress; substance; disorder

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27
Q

What are the two Etiological models of OCD?

A

The Neuropsychological model

The Cognitive model

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28
Q

The Cognitive model of _____ states that it is caused by the misinterpretation of intrusive thoughts

A

OCD

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29
Q

The ___________ model of OCD remains the only theoretical position that is consistent with a full range of phenomenology of OCD

A

Cognitive

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30
Q

What is exposure and response prevention treatment used in?

A

OCD

31
Q

What is DIRT treatment in OCD?

A

Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy

32
Q

Prolonged imaginal exposure and anxiety management techniques are used in the treatment of ______

A

PTSD

33
Q

Significant weight loss/gain; insomnia/hypoinsomnia; loess of energy and fatigue and empty and hopeless feelings are associated with which disorder?

A

Major depressive disorder

34
Q

I motor restlessness and/or slowed movement associated with depression?

A

Yes

35
Q

According to one theory, psychotic and melancholic depression are primarily _______ based disorders, while non-melancholic depression is from life-event stressors and __________ factors

A

biological; psychological

36
Q

________ __________ ________:
1 Depressed mood for more than two weeks duration
2 Loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities (anhedonia)

A

Major Depressive Disorder

37
Q

Some symptoms of MDD:

1 ________ disturbance (high/low)
2 _________ disturbance (high/low)
3 loss of _______ nearly every day
4 diminished ________
5 feelings of excessive guilt or worthlessness
6 recurrent _________ ideation
7 Motor disturbance (___________ agitation)

A

Appetite; Sleep; energy; concentration; suicidal; psychomotor

38
Q

PDD can last __-__ years, but it normally lasts approx _ years

A

20-30; 5

39
Q

People who are depressed tend to demonstrate chronic (overactivity; under activity ) in the HPA axis, resulting in the production of excess stress hormones (such as cortisol), which in turn affects the way in which monoamine neurotransmitters work in the brain

A

Overactivity

40
Q

In particular, life events that entail experiences of _____ and ________ are frequently associated with the onset of depression

A

loss and failure

41
Q

What was found in Oei’s 2006 study?

A

Reduced dysfunctional cognitions predicted a reduction in depressive symptoms, and that reduction predicted a
reduction in dysfunctional thinking for depression in CBT

42
Q

What is Pleasant activity Scheduling and what disorder is it used in?

A

A planning schedule that gradually increases in the level of pleasant activities the client participates in. It is used with depression and especially high cases of anhedonia

43
Q

What treatment uses Pleasant Activity Planning and in the treatment of what?

A

CBT; Depression

44
Q

Rational emotive therapy is called __________ ___________ in the treatment of depression

A

cognitive restructuring

45
Q

__________ therapy in the treatment of depression aims to help clients resolve dysfunctional interpersonal relationships and/or encourages them to develop new relationships as a means of improving their mood

A

Interpersonal

46
Q

Negative schemata causes cognitive ______

A

biases

47
Q

Feelings, _________ and _________ are all interrelated in Aaron Beck’s model (CBT)

A

thoughts; behaviours

48
Q

What is Behavioural Activation used in the treatment of?

A

Depression

49
Q

How long does a manic episode have to last?

A

one week (unless previously hospitalised)

50
Q

Bipolar _ disorder is defined by the presence of one or more manic episodes, which might also potentially experience depressive episodes

A

1

51
Q

An individual MUST have experienced at least one episode of major depression to be diagnosed with bipolar _ disorder, and also at least one period of hypomania

A

1

52
Q

Does the symptoms for Cyclothymic disorder meet those of Bipolar 1 or 2?

A

No. They are less severe but generally more chronic

53
Q

What is the model that attempts to link creativity to bipolar disorder?

A

The Shared Vulnerability Model: proposes cognitive disinhibition

54
Q

What is the proposed underlying genetic vulnerability in Bipolar disorders?

A

The Circadian Rhythm

55
Q

____________ disturbance in a psychological factor thought to be a causal link for Bipolar Disorders

A

Cognitive

56
Q

Mood monitoring is important in the treatment of what?

A

Bipolar Disorders

57
Q

Interpersonal and Social Rhythm therapy is used in the treatment of _________

A

Bipolar disorders

58
Q

Are family interventions and relapse interventions used in the treatment of Bipolar disorders?

A

Yes

59
Q

Alogia refers to a marked reduction in _______ as reflected in decreased speech

A

thoughts

60
Q

If the duration criterion of six months of total disturbances is not met, then the diagnosis of _____________ disorder might apply instead of schizophrenia

A

schizophreniform

61
Q

What disorder needs schizophrenia and major depressive disorder to be present for two weeks?

A

Schizoaffective disorder

62
Q

If you has psychotic symptoms for less than a month and then returned to normal, what type of disorder is it?

A

Break Psychotic Disorder

63
Q

How long does schizophreniform disorder last?

A

Less than 6 months

64
Q

Is token economy used in the treatment of psychotic disorders?

A

Yes, not recently

65
Q

How is CBT used in schizophrenia?

A

Arguing delusional and unreal beliefs

66
Q

___________ disorders: Conditions with a known physical basis, which is aggravated by psychological factors

A

psychosomatic

67
Q

Is excessive help seeking behaviour associated with Paranoid Personality disorder or ‘Somatic Symptoms and related disorders’ ?

A

Somatic Symptoms and related disorders

68
Q

Is preoccupation and worry about illness associated with Paranoid personality disorder or Somatic symptoms and related disorder?

A

Somatic symptoms and related disorders

69
Q

Are their abnormal and disproportionate reactions to symptoms in Somatic Symptom Disorder?

A

Yes

70
Q

Is there persistently high anxiety about symptoms in somatic symptom disorder?

A

Yes

71
Q

_________ disorder includes one or more symptoms of altered motor or sensory function that is not consistent with any recognised medical conditions

A

conversion

72
Q

The ____________ theory of somatic disorders argues that neural, endocrine, and immune systems integrate stress and pain

A

neuromatrix

73
Q

_____________ partial shutdown - impaired relationship between patio-temporal and emotional memory components

A

Hippocampus

Psychopathology (11 decks)

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