Shock and Resuscitation Flashcards
what should you ensure stability of with a patient in shock?
heart
brain
lungs
what is shock?
a syndrome characterized by reduced tissue perfusion, impaired oxygen delivery and inadequate cellular energy productin
what are the types of shock?
hypovolemic
septic
cardiogenic
neurogenic
anaphylactic
what are the mechanisms of shock?
intravascular volume loss
loss of vascular tone
cardiac pump failure
others
what are clinical signs of shock?
altered mentation
tachypnea
tachycardia
cool extremities
hypotension: late
what are the compensatory mechanisms for hypovolemic shock?
increased heart rate
increased stroke volume
increased vascular tone
what is required for you to give hypertonic saline?
pre-existing normovolemia
what are crystalloids?
small molecules in water that freely cross interstitium
what is septic shock?
endotoxin release into systemic circulation
trigger inflammatory mediators
how can you increase vascular tone in septic shock?
dopamine
norepinephrine
what are clinical signs of cardiogenic shock?
tachycardia
poor pulse quality
murmur/gallop
crackles
jugular venous distension
hypothermia
what are some vasodilators?
nitroglycerin paste
nitroprusside
hydralazine
