Osteosarcoma Flashcards
where do 75% of osteosarcomas occur?
axial skeleton
what is the most common bone tumor in dogs?
osteosarcoma
does late spay/neuter decrease orthopedic disease?
yes- clearly
in which dog breeds are there heritable forms of osteosarcoma?
greyhounds
irish wolfhounds
scottish deerhounds
what value on bloodwork is associated with shorter survival with osteosarcoma?
elevated ALP
what is the most common site of metastasis of osteosarcoma?
lung
what location of osteosarcoma is associated with poorer prognosis?
humeral location
what does cytology of osteosarcoma look like?
characteristic large spindle cells with multinucleated large osteoclasts
what is the amputation done in the front?
forequarter amputation with removal of scapula
what is the adjunctive chemotherapy drug of choice?
carboplatin
who are limb spare surgeries reserved for?
dogs with severe orthopedic conditions
what is a concern with stereotactic radiosurgery?
pathologic fracture
what percentage of dogs will eventually develop metastasis?
90%
what is osteosarcoma in the ribs like?
very aggressive, highly metastatic
similar survival to long bone
what is osteosarcoma like in cats?
complete excision curative for most pets
when are dogs most susceptible to osteosarcoma?
1-3 years
8-10 years
what is the cause of osteosarcoma likely related to?
genetics associated with breeds with a large skeletal frame
what is the most common site of osteosarcoma?
distal radius
what is codman’s triangle?
elevation of periosteum from new bone growth
how large must metastases be to be detected with radiographs?
5 mm to 8 mm
how long must surgery be delayed if you do a bone biopsy?
7-10 days
what will osteosarcoma stain positive with?
ALP
high specificity for OSA
what is median survival with amputation?
4-5 months
what is surgery on a hindlimb osteosarcoma like?
amputation with high transection of femur
avoid femoral disarticulation
trauma to pelvis
loss of muscle to pad area- risk for decubital ulcers
why is cisplatin not used that much?
highly nephrotoxic
which location can limb spare surgery be used for?
only radial
what percentage of animals have improvement with palliative radiation therapy?
70% for 2-4 months
what do biphosphonates do?
destroys osteoclasts
do small dogs or large dogs do better with flat bone osteosarcoma?
small dogs
how common are bone tumors in cats?
rare
