Patient Assessment and Monitoring

Question 1

what can you use to check intravascular volume?

Answer 1

examination
thoracic radiographs
urine production
echocardiogram: left ventricle
serial body weights
lactate

Question 2

what makes up dehydration?

Answer 2

intravascular and interstitial volume

Question 3

is blood pressure a sensitive indicator of hypoperfusion?

Answer 3

no- insensitive

Question 4

how can you measure blood pressure directly?

Answer 4

arterial catheter hooked up to pressure transducer

Question 5

when is oscillometric blood pressure less accurate?

Answer 5

hypotension
severe arrhythmias
very small animals

Question 6

what is the first line treatment for hypotension?

Answer 6

give intravenous fluids

Question 7

what is gold standard for oxygenation?

Answer 7

arterial blood gas

Question 8

what is most helpful for monitoring during CPR?

Answer 8

end tidal CO2

Question 9

what is lactate indicative of?

Answer 9

perfusion status

Question 10

what can cause a false elevation in lactate?

Answer 10

tremors/seizures
excessive restraint

Question 11

are cats frequently hypotensive when sick?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

what blood pressure does doppler provide?

Answer 12

systolic only

Question 13

what can you use to evaluate if you have given enough fluids?

Answer 13

lactate trend
PCV/TS trend
bedside ultrasound
total volume given?

Question 14

what can you give for hypertension?

Answer 14

enalapril
amlodipine

Question 15

what is normal PaO2?

Answer 15

80-100 mmHg

Question 16

what can you give a brachycephalic towards the end of surgery to reduce airway swelling?

Answer 16

dex SP