Orthopedic Diseases of Young Dogs Flashcards

(32 cards)

1
Q

who usually gets OCD?

A

large and giant breed dogs

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2
Q

what radiographic findings are typical of OCD?

A

flattening of subchondral bone or caudal humeral head
saucer-shaped radiolucent area

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3
Q

why is arthroscopic management of OCD of the proximal humerus technically difficult?

A

overlying muscle mass

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4
Q

what is the prognosis of OCD of the proximal humerus?

A

good to excellent for normal function
most sound in 4-8 weeks

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5
Q

when are clinical signs of elbow dysplasia seen?

A

5-7 months of age

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6
Q

can you feel crepitus with elbow dysplasia?

A

yes: not that much muscle to obscure

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7
Q

what is the indication for surgery for elbow dysplasia?

A

persistent lameness

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8
Q

when does the anconeal process fuse?

A

13 weeks

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9
Q

when is removal of the ununited anconeal process perfromed?

A

if anatomic reduction is not possible

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10
Q

what is OC?

A

disturbance of endochondral ossification
OCD is manifestation of

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11
Q

what is the pathophysiology of OCD?

A

loss of chondrocytes
cleft formation
vertical fissures develop
communicate with joint
formation of a cartilage flap

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12
Q

what induces joint inflammation in OCD?

A

cartilage degradation products reach synovial fluid

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13
Q

does OC cause clinical signs before a loose flap forms (OCD)?

A

no

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14
Q

what can be found on physical exam to suggest OCD?

A

crepitus/swelling seldom evident
extreme extension of shoulder elicits pain
extreme flexion may elicit pain
muscle atrophy

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15
Q

is OCD bilateral or unilateral?

A

initially unilateral lameness
commonly bilateral

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16
Q

from what view is OCD not visiblee?

A

cranio-caudal view

17
Q

what does the defect fill with in OCD after surgery?

A

fibrocartilage

18
Q

how long should a dog rest after OCD surgery?

19
Q

what is elbow dysplasia?

A

primary incongruity between humerus, radius, ulna

20
Q

what are the main types of canine elbow dysplasia?

A

fragmented medial coronoid process of ulna
ununited anconeal process of ulna
osteochondritis dissecans of the medial humeral condyle

21
Q

what develops over time with canine elbow dysplasia?

A

periarticular osteophytes and soft-tissue fibrosis

22
Q

which breeds frequently get elbow dysplasia?

A

labrador retrievers
rottweilers
bernese mountain dogs
newfoundlands
golden retrievers
german shepherds
chows

23
Q

what is found on physical exam with canine elbow dysplasia?

A

crepitus
joint effusion and periarticular soft-tissue thickening
pain with manipulation of joint and palpation of medial coronoid process

24
Q

what views should you take to check for canine elbow dysplasia?

A

lateral and AP views
flexed lateral exposed anconeal process

25
is canine elbow dysplasia commonly bilateral?
yes
26
what can be seen on radiography with canine elbow dysplasia?
blunting or indistinct coronoid osteophytosis of the radial head earliest finding is anconeal osteophytosis later subtrochlear sclerosis periarticular osteophytosis
27
does surgery halt the progression of DJD in canine elbow dysplasia?
no
28
what is the prognosis of canine elbow dysplasia with surgery?
50% no lameness 30% intermittent lameness 20% no improvement
29
is arthrotomy or arthroscopy better for canine elbow dysplasia?
arthroscopy
30
what causes an ununited anconeal process?
incongruous growth of radius and ulna long radius pushes condyle against anconeal process
31
what does removal of the ununited anconeal process result in?
instability and osteoarthritis
32
who does dynamic proximal ulnar osteotomy for ununited anconeal process have good results in?
6-12 months of age