SGL 3

Question 1

Symptoms of Myasthenia gravis

Answer 1

Weakness of eye muscles

Difficulty in swallawing and slurred speech

Shortness of breath

Double vision

Symptoms worsen with exercise

Question 2

Elevated creatine, LH, and TSH levels

Answer 2

Scleroderma

Question 3

What items should be limited or excluded from diet in Meniere’s disease?

Answer 3

Salt

Caffeine

Chocolate

Alcohol

MSG

Question 4

Symptoms of Rheumatic fever

Answer 4

Ring shaped rash on trunk and arms

Uncontrollable movements and outburts

Myocarditis

Shortness of breath

Heart murmur

Joint pain

Question 5

Molecular cause of Rheumatic fever

Answer 5

Antibody cross-reactivity. Mature antigen-presenting cells such as B cells present the bacterial antigen to CD4+ T cells which differentiate into helper T cells. Helper T cells activate the B cells to become plasma cells and induce the production of antibodies against the cell wall of Streptococcus. Howver the antibodies may also react against the myocardium and joints, producing the symptoms of rheumatic fever.

Question 6

Treatment for Myasthenia gravis

Answer 6

Monochromal antibodies

Thymectomy

Anticholinesterase agents

Immunosupressive drugs

Question 7

Disease associated with increased RBC sedimentation rate and raised levels of C-reactive protein

Answer 7

Rheumatic fever

Question 8

What is the molecular cause of myastenia gravis?

Answer 8

A defect in the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles. It occurs when normal communication between the nerve and muscle is interrupted at the neuromusclar juntion. Antibodies block the acetylcholine receptors

Question 9

Treatment of rheumatic fever

Answer 9

Anti-inflammatory medications (aspirin and corticosteroids)

Antibiotics

Question 10

In scleroderma, antibodies interact against the _________,__________, and ____________.

Answer 10

Centromeres, centrosomes, histones

Question 11

What is antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 11

An autoimmune disease in which a patient’s body produces antibodies against the proteins that bind phospholipids. Becuase phospholipids play a key role in blood coagulation, patients with antiphospholipid syndrome may clot abnormally which results in a variety of symptoms

Question 12

Disease associated with low RBC and platelet count

Answer 12

Antiphospholipid syndrome

Question 13

What are the symptomes of Scleroderma?

Question 14

Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1(B2GP1)

Answer 14

Antiphospholipid syndrome

Question 15

Human leukocyte antigen associated with what disease?

Answer 15

Scleroderma

Question 16

Symptoms of Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Answer 16

DVT

Repeated miscarriages

Stroke

Shortness of breath

Chest pains

Headaches, Migranes

Question 17

Genetic components of Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 17

TNFAIP3→ TNIP1

Tyrosine phosphatase→ PTPN22

Regulatory T cell differentiation

NF Kappa B (NFKB) signaling pathway

Question 18

Overproduction and accumulation of collagen in body tissues that may be due to exposure to certain pesticides, epoxy resins or solvents

Answer 18

Scleroderma

Question 19

Genetic component to Rheumatic Fever

Answer 19

TLR2

Ficolin FCN2

Manos Binding Lectin (MBL)

Question 20

Possible treatment methods for Scleroderma

Answer 20

Proton pump inhibitors can be used to treat hearburn

Patients can also be treated with vasodilators and corticosteroids

Question 21

Genetic components to Meniere’s Disease

Answer 21

MICA4; TLR10; Aquaporin 2,3, and 4

Question 22

Molecular cause of Meniere’s Disease

Answer 22

Autoimmune reactions attacking peripheral myelin protein affecting neurological signal

Question 23

Which autoimmune disease is associated with Antiphospholipid Syndrome?

Answer 23

Systemic Lupus genes

Question 24

Symptoms of Meniere’s disease

Answer 24

Vertigo

Loss of hearing in the affected ear

Tinnitus

Loss of balance

Headaches

Question 25

Treatment for antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 25

Use of anticoagulant medications (like warfarin, heparin, and low-dose aspirin)

Question 26

Genes associated with Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Answer 26

STAT4 gene, BLK gene, IRF5 gene