Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Question 1

Mitosis characteristics

Answer 1

-produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells
-asexual reproduction (only one parent)
-Ex. Bacteria

Question 2

Meiosis characteristics

Answer 2

-Produces genetically unique offspring
-Will involve fusion of male and female gamete

Question 3

What is the new cell called when the gametes fuse

Answer 3

zygote

Question 4

How does fertilization take place

Answer 4

When two gametes fuse to make a zygote

Question 5

how much genetic information does gametes have

Answer 5

They have half the number of chromosomes as a somatic cell (haploid) - half the genetic information

Question 6

How much genetic information do somatic cells have

Answer 6

Contains pairs of chromosomes and said to be diploid

Question 7

Main outcomes of meiosis are:

Answer 7

Genetic reduction -produce haploid daughter cells
Genetic Recombination - increases genetic diversity

Question 8

What happens during prophase 1 or 2

Answer 8

Synapsis- homologous chromosomes line up next to one another it allows for them to cross over

Question 9

What happens during metaphase

Answer 9

Homologous chromosomes line up at the equator by spindle fibers attached to centromeres

Question 10

Anaphase 1

Answer 10

Homologous chromosomes sperate and move to opposite poles but the centromere does not split and the sister chromatids remain fused

Question 11

Telophase

Answer 11

Chromosomes begin to uncoil and spindle fibers disappear. Cytokinesis takes place leaving haploid daughter cells

Question 12

What happens during anaphase 2

Answer 12

Sister chromosomes are separated at the centromere, resulting in 4 haploid daughter cells