Plants Flashcards
What are the 3 groups of plants
Non vascular, seedless vascular, and seed producing vascular plants
Bryophytes
Non - vascular plants. First plants that grow low to the ground and hold water in like a sponge. They lack vascular tissue so they depend on osmosis and diffusion to transport nutrients.
Rhizoids
Small root like structures that are found in non vascular plants
Examples of non vascular plants
mosses, liverworts, hornworts
Reproduction of non vascular plants
They utilize sporic reproduction (aka alternation of generations)
Alternate between the spore making and gamete making individuals
Seedless vascular plants
Evolved after the non vascular plants. They developed vascular tissue and could grow tall. There are only a few remaining groups of this group.
Examples of seedless vascular plants
Ferns, clubmosses and horsetails
What is the dominant stage of the life cycle in seedless vascular plants
sporophyle generation
What are the two types of seed producing vascular plants
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
What is the role of seeds
They allow plants to reproduce sexually without water and also provide protection
What is the role of pollen grains in seed producing vascular plants
seed plants require transport of the sperm to unfertilized egg - typically happens when pollen is carried to female gamete
Gymnosperms
Are conifer trees. They have seeds exposed on the the surface of the cone, these cones contain male or female gametes
What is the difference between male and female gamete cones
Male - soft and short lived
Females - hard and long lasting
Angiosperms
They are very diverse ( flower or oak tree). They use flowers for reproduction and the seed in the fruit
Flowers (angiosperms)
Sexual reproduction - both male and female gametes. They can transport their pollen in different ways - colourful (attract animals) or non colourful (wind)
