Animals

Question 1

Animal kingdom contains over how many phyla

Answer 1

35 different phyla (50% worms)

Question 2

What are the 4 things that make something an animal

Answer 2

Multicellular and eukaryotic (no cell wall)
Heterotrophs
Mobile (at least for one phase in their life)
Sexual reproduction

Question 3

Difference between invertebrates and vertebrates

Answer 3

Invertebrates - no backbone (95%)
Vertebrates - backbone

Question 4

Ways to classify animals

Answer 4

Presence of backbone, levels of organization, number of body layers, body cavities, segmentation, movement and reproduction

Question 5

Levels of organization

Answer 5

Type and complexity of cells and organ systems (respiratory, circulatory…)

Question 6

Number of body layers

Answer 6

Ectoderm (outer layer), Mesoderm (middle layer), and Endoderm (inner layer)

Question 7

What does the ectoderm turn into

Answer 7

skin, nerves, sense organs

Question 8

What does the mesoderm turn into

Answer 8

kidneys, reproductive organs, blood, muscle

Question 9

What does the endoderm turn into

Answer 9

bladder, lungs, pancreas and liver

Question 10

Body cavities

Answer 10

Based on presence or absence of coelum (provides space for organ systems and structure for muscle attachment)

Question 11

Segmentation

Answer 11

Division of body into repetitive sections. It increases the mobility if the section gets damaged other can still function

Question 12

Movement

Answer 12

Most animals move cause of muscle and nerve tissue. Some (sponges/anemones) are sessile - stationary as adults

Question 13

Reproduction

Answer 13

Happens sexually via gametes. Can be internal or external

Question 14

Internal reproduction

Answer 14

gametes combine in organism

Question 15

External reproduction

Answer 15

gametes combine outside the organism - aquatic environment (jellyfish)

Question 16

What are the 5 major categories of invertebrates

Answer 16

Sponges/Cnidarians, Worms, Molluscs, Arthropods, Echinoderms

Question 17

What does a vertebrate animal have

Answer 17

a notochord (vertebral column) and dorsal nerve (spinal chord)

Question 18

What are the characteristics of fish

Answer 18

50% vertebrates; evolved into tetrapods (have limbs)

Question 19

What are the characteristics of amphibians

Answer 19

First tetrapods. Can live portion of their lives on land. Use skin for gas exchange, external reproduction

Question 20

What are characteristics of reptiles

Answer 20

Scales prevent dehydration (not tied to aquatic ecosystem, shelled eggs, lungs, 3 chambered heart, Ectothermic - external temp regulation

Question 21

What are the characteristics of birds

Answer 21

Endothermic (metabolic heat maintains temp) and 4 chambered heart

Question 22

What are the characteristics of mammals

Answer 22

Mammary glands, presence of hair

Question 23

Monotremes

Answer 23

Egg laying mammals (platypus)

Question 24

Marsupials

Answer 24

Pouched mammals (kangaroo)

Question 25

Placental

Answer 25

Have a placenta (bears)