Animals Flashcards
Animal kingdom contains over how many phyla
35 different phyla (50% worms)
What are the 4 things that make something an animal
Multicellular and eukaryotic (no cell wall)
Heterotrophs
Mobile (at least for one phase in their life)
Sexual reproduction
Difference between invertebrates and vertebrates
Invertebrates - no backbone (95%)
Vertebrates - backbone
Ways to classify animals
Presence of backbone, levels of organization, number of body layers, body cavities, segmentation, movement and reproduction
Levels of organization
Type and complexity of cells and organ systems (respiratory, circulatory…)
Number of body layers
Ectoderm (outer layer), Mesoderm (middle layer), and Endoderm (inner layer)
What does the ectoderm turn into
skin, nerves, sense organs
What does the mesoderm turn into
kidneys, reproductive organs, blood, muscle
What does the endoderm turn into
bladder, lungs, pancreas and liver
Body cavities
Based on presence or absence of coelum (provides space for organ systems and structure for muscle attachment)
Segmentation
Division of body into repetitive sections. It increases the mobility if the section gets damaged other can still function
Movement
Most animals move cause of muscle and nerve tissue. Some (sponges/anemones) are sessile - stationary as adults
Reproduction
Happens sexually via gametes. Can be internal or external
Internal reproduction
gametes combine in organism
External reproduction
gametes combine outside the organism - aquatic environment (jellyfish)
