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4th year Biology > Sexual Reproduction > Flashcards

Sexual Reproduction Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What would happen if living things didn’t reproduce?

A

If they were unable to reproduce, they would become exctinct

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2
Q

What is the biological word for sex cells?

A

Gametes

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3
Q

What are the animal gametes (male and female)

A

Sperm and egg

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4
Q

What are the plant cell gametes?

A

Pollen grain (male) and ovule (female)

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5
Q

What is the function of the sepal?

A

Protects the flower bud

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6
Q

What is the function of a petal?

A

Attracts insects

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7
Q

What is the function of the stamen?

A

Male part of flower

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8
Q

What is the function of the anther?

A

Produces pollen grains

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9
Q

What is the function of the stigma?

A

Catches pollen grains

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10
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A

Contains ovules

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11
Q

What is the function of the nectary?

A

Produces nectar to attract insects

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12
Q

What is pollination?

A

Pollination is the transfer of pollen (male gamete) from the anther to the stigma

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13
Q

How are plants pollinated?

A

Plants are pollinated by insects or the wind

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14
Q

If pollination is in the same flower it is called?

A

Self pollination

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15
Q

Is pollination is between different flowers it is called?

A

Cross pollination

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16
Q

What is plant fertilisation?

A

When the nucleus of the male gamete fuses with the female gamete

17
Q

Where does plant fertilisation take place?

A

In the ovary

18
Q

Explain pollination

A

A pollen tube grows down from the pollen grain to the ovary. The male gamete travels down the pollen tube to the ovary and the nucleus fuses with the ovule nucleus

19
Q

What is the function of the seed coat?

A

To protect the seed

20
Q

What is the function of the food store?

A

Provides energy for the embryo to grow into the new plant

21
Q

What is the function of the embryo in the seed?

A

Becomes the new plant

22
Q

What three things are needed for germination?

A

Water, oxygen and warmth

23
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

Sperm production

24
Q

What is the function of the sperm duct?

A

Sperm travel along here to get to the penis

25
Q

What is the function of the penis?

A

Sexual organ which allows sperm to enter vagina

26
Q

What is the function of the urethra?

A

Tube which releases sperm

27
Q

What is the function of the uterus?

A

Area that fertilised egg develops into a baby

28
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A

Produces eggs

29
Q

What is the function of the vagina?

A

Allows penis to enter during sexual intercourse

30
Q

What is the function of the oviduct?

A

Eggs travel along here to the uterus. SITE OF FERTILISATION

31
Q

Explain fertilisation in humans

A

Sperm cells are released and travel through the cervix and uterus towards the oviduct.
In the oviduct, one sperm burrows into the egg and THE NUCLEI OF EACH GAMETE FUSE forming a diploid zygote.
Zygote divides by mitosis as it travels along the oviduct, becomes a ball of cells called an embryo
Embryo will grow and develop into a foetus. Site of implantation is where the placenta forms

32
Q

Why must all living things reproduce?

A

To produce offspring similar to themselves

4th year Biology (21 decks)

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