Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

stuart britain > seventeen > Flashcards

seventeen Flashcards

1
Q

April 4th 1660

A

declaration of Breda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

dof b was drafted by

A

Clarendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

dof b outlined that if

A

Charles was restored he would rule as a traditional monarch through parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what did Charles promise in d of b

A

pay the army in arrears
a pardon to all his subjects bar a few
‘ liberty to tender consciences ‘

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

25 April 1660

A

free elections produced the convention parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

removal of restrictions on who could vote in the elections produced a body of MPs that was more representative of

A

the political nation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

this meant that the convention parliament was essentially

A

conservative and royalist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

half of the convention parliament was made up of parliamentarians but of many different political and religious views , of mostly moderate Presbyterians , many of these aimed to

A

restrict the kings power before he returned
others recited imposing limits on the king and wanted to seek his favour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

royalists who had got into the convention parliament gradually though disputed elections were naturally opposed to

A

limitations on the retuning monarch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

8 may 1660

A

convention parliament crowned Charles as King Charles II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

in desperation the political nation were willing to accept

A

Charles vague promises to rule as a traditional monarch in the d of b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

April 1660

A

Charles was restored based on his general promises to rule as a traditional monarch as outlined in the d of b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the promises made in d of b were attractive to the majority of the PN as cons had felt

A

alienated by and fearful of the radicalism of the last years of the interregnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

from Charles perspective the priority was

A

to secure the throne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

in presenting himself favourably to the political nation he was able to manage an

A

unwritten political settlement that suited both sides in returning to pre civil war norms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the restoration settlement was the work of two bodies

A

the convention parliament and the cavalier parliament , to share the nature of the restored monarchy up to 1667

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

to restore order and constitutional monarchy the convention parliament had to address the following issue
RECLAIM

A

Religion
Economy(finance)
Constitution
Land settlement
Army disbanding
Indemnity
Militia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

indemnity

A

Charles promised in d of b a general pardon for those who sided with parliament during civil war apart from those involved int he regicide
indemnity debates = royalists wanted widespread revenge
30 men excluded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

indemnity act was passed

A

29 august 1660

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

indemnity act was, a pragmatic necessity for Charles as he needed

A

the army to disband
money from the city off London
support of the political elite , may were parliamentarians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

despite the indemnity act , the restoration was accompanied by the

A

persecution of anyone seen as a threat to the reimposition of monarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

as a result of the 1649 revolution which removed the monarch and brought cromwell to power , the lands of the

A

bishops , royalists , catholics and the crown were sold off
purchasers had vested interest in interregnum , and helped bring about the restoration
thus Charles didnt want to upset them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Charles left the land settlement to parliament , parliament failed to legislate a formal solution as it was a complex issue in turn

A

church and crown lands were reclaimed

24
Q

land settlement was partly settled because most substantial purchasers were excluded from

A

the indemnity act and their lands seized

25
Q

in the d of b Charles promised the army its arrears with the indemnity act passes and arrears voted by the convention parliament …

A

army was peacefully disbanded

26
Q

Charles became king without any limitations imposed on him , those who had wished

A

to limit his powers were not in a position to do anything

27
Q

a bill to confirm the parliamentary privilege and fundamental laws stalled in

A

the HoL through Charles influence

28
Q

this bill would have confirmed magna carta as well as the legislation of 1641 and in theory

A

the long parliament as a whole thereby maintaining these laws as limits on the returning monarch

29
Q

that they were not confirmed in the bill meant that they did moth become apart of the

A

restored settlement that was essentially an unwritten agreement between Charles and PN

30
Q

initially the convention parliament kept finance in its own hands and it paid off the army
in terms of settlement for the monarch it was decided to abolish feudal rights but to provide compensation

A
  • Charles granted t+p for life and granted customs that were specified in a parliamentary bill
  • Charles granted 1.2mil a year for gov costs in peacetime , in practice about 400k raised
  • 1662 a hearth tax was introduced to bridge the gap , proved insufficient
  • Charles dependent on p grants , called p every year 1660-1681
31
Q

the d of b had promised an indulgence for nonconformists which meant that the right to worship freely would be recognised , this did not materialise about

A

700/9000 Englands minsters were removed as the church of England was restored but not broadened to encompass any nonconformists , not even moderate Presbyterians let alone radical quakers

32
Q

the convention parliament did not pass any militia bills in —- but neither did they challenge Charles control of the militia

A

1660

33
Q

Charles announced the dissolution of the convention parliament on

A

29 nov 1660
- probably in annoyance with the religious settlement , Charles had prerogative right of control of armed forces in the kingdom

34
Q

a royalist backlash saw a ‘ cavalier ‘ parliament elected in and lasted too

A

may 1661 and it became the longest running parliament lasting until 1679.

35
Q

the typical cavalier country squire the core of the PN had no

A

desire to be in government

36
Q

MPs at the time were concerned with local issues and government was seen as

A

the issue of the monarch , not MPs

37
Q

the MPs wished for a return to normal practice in which they predominantly stood as

A

MPs to protect their local interests

38
Q

they did not want the king to be absolute , Paul seaward argues that their

A

conservatism ‘ prevented them from wanting to build on parliaments civil war achievements and made them equally suspicious of attempts to strengthen the monarchy too far ‘

39
Q

local government returned to the hands of the traditional PN , the act for the safety and preservation of his majestys person and government cancelled all ordinances , this did mean that some of the parliamentary legislation of 1641 sought to limits the crowns power and which Charles I has agreed to was to stand :

A
  • abolition of star chamber
  • abolition of high commission
  • abolition of ship money
  • the triennial act
  • exclusion of bishops from lords
40
Q

the act excluding the bishops was repealed and the presence of the bishops in the lords gave the crown an

A

influential group of supporters

41
Q

in 1644 a remodelled triennial act removed the requirement for the crown to call

A

parliament even 3 years

42
Q

the convention parliaments , indemnity act and land settlement were also reviewed by

A

the cavalier parliament
- Charles who realised the unrest this might create , stopped the cavalier parliamement proceeding with this review

43
Q

the cavalier parliament strengthened the position of Charles II
- press censorship

A

formalised by the 1662 licensing act

44
Q

the cavalier parliament strengthened the position of Charles II
- petitioning

A

an act was passed to prevent mass petitioning

45
Q

the cavalier parliament strengthened the position of Charles II
- armed forces

A

in 1661 and 1662 two militia act gave Charles sole control of all armed forces , the latter gave Charles the power to raise up to 70,000 a year for three years through a militia rate to support the forces raised

46
Q

the cavalier parliament strengthened the position of Charles II
- popery

A

the act for safety and preservation of his majestys person and government made it punishable to accuse the king of trying to bring in popery or to incite hatred of the monarch

47
Q

the cavalier parliament strengthened the position of Charles II
- parliament

A

this body could not legislate without the monarch

48
Q

parliament did not back down on the financial measures of 1641 , recognising that parliaments real power was over

A

the crown was via finance

49
Q

the reinforcement of Charles annual income of 1.2 million per annum with the hearth tax 1662 still did not prove enough especially

A

the two wars he was to fight agsint the dutch

50
Q

the failures of the restoration settlement were the basis of for continuing problems in Charles attempts to consolidate

A

his rule up to 1667 and arguably for the rest of the starts until their removal in 1668

51
Q

Charles government was dominated by

A

earl of claredon
Edward hyde

52
Q

Edward hyde was

A

the lord chancellor
and Charles II principal advisor from 1660 to 1667

53
Q

claredons postiton came about because of his role as

A

Charles most trusted advisor while Charles was in exile and because of his capacity for work , his willingness to consider everything

54
Q

there were however fundamental weaknesses in claredon

A
  • business like approach and dismissive of others = arrogant , alienated the king
  • did not get all of privy council on side
  • claredon did not manage his position w parliament proactively , opposition developed
55
Q

the largest weakness of claredon however was that

A

charles did not like him , and was used as a scapegoat ie second dutch war
recognised his skills although

56
Q

august 1667

A

claredon faced to resign and went into self imposed exile in France

stuart britain (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions