chapter ten

Question 1

the Scottish rebellion in 1637 was the start of …

Answer 1

the British civil war which led to a reaction in England and Ireland . led to civil war in those two kingdoms 1641 and 42

Question 2

Scottish civil war
during the bishop war Charles was defeated by the covenanters which led to him signing

Answer 2

the rule of ripon 1640

Question 3

Scottish civil war
covenanters strength meant that Charles supporters were initially …

Answer 3

isolated and unable to undertake significant military campaign

Question 4

Scottish civil war
the solemn league and covenanters military alliance was formed in

Answer 4

1643 between the English parliament and covenanters . this alienated some Scottish nobles some came to the support of Charles

Question 5

Scottish civil war

Answer 5

Scottish noble Montrose led royalist forces north of the border against covenanters
Montrose army won multiple victories between 1644-45 , although the little material gain and support from Charles for these victories w the highlanders in montroses army leave and return home
covenanter army of 600 troops retuned from England and crushed remainder of montroses army in philiphaugh in September 1645
ending Charles military hopes in Scotland

Question 6

how did the Irish civil war begin

Answer 6

outbreak of Irish rebellion 1641
Gaelic Irish and old English joined rebellion , united by the common opponent of protestants in the ulster and those around Dublin commanded by earl of Ormond

Question 7

Irish civil war
April 1642

Answer 7

ulster protestants were bolstered by the arrival of 10,000 Scottish troops financed by English parliament

Question 8

Irish civil war
end of 1643

Answer 8

extended protestant control in the north but catholic confederation
essentially held the rest of Ireland apart from Dublin

Question 9

Irish civil war
Sept 1643

Answer 9

under oder from Charles , Ormond signed a cessation , 1 years truce with the catholic confederation

Question 10

as a result of the cessation in the Irish civil war …

Answer 10

22,000 Irish troops both catholic and protestant were transported to England between October 1643 - June 1644 to air Charles royalist forces in English civil war

Question 11

how much did the Irish troops have an impact on Charles war

Answer 11

little impact and proved counter productive and reinforced parliamentary propaganda of his desire to impose catholcosim

Question 12

Irish civil war
these events provoked parliament too

Answer 12

form a military alliance with the covenanters in Scotland

Question 13

Irish civil war
march 1646 what was signed

Answer 13

Ormond signed a peace deal with covenanters

Question 14

Irish civil war
June 1646

Answer 14

Owen roe o neil representative of the Gaelic Irish defeated the Scottish covenanters at benburb

Question 15

how did the events at benburb in the Irish civil war effect Charles

Answer 15

made Gaelic Irish less inclined to identify with a common cause with the royalists
ended Charles hopes of bringing in more troops from Ireland

Question 16

first civil war in England was when

Answer 16

1642-6

Question 17

Charles potion collapsed in scotland and Ireland which led him to also face…

Answer 17

defeat of military hopes in England too

Question 18

English civil war
nov 1642

Answer 18

royalists were prevented from taking ldn

Question 19

English civil war
1643

Answer 19

a number of royalist victories , none had hampered parliaments ability to fight the war
parliament gained a significant victory at Marston moor

Question 20

English civil war
July 1643

Answer 20

largest civil war battle didnt have advantage of win , parliament suffered defeats after

Question 21

English civil war
July 1643 failure which promoted parliament too…

Answer 21

reorganise its forces
new model army was formed by Fairfax and Cromwell

Question 22

English civil war
what did royalist commanders think of nma

Answer 22

dismissive of ability

Question 23

English civil war
Charles chose to fight nma at naseby 1645 , the outcome being

Answer 23

defeated , destroyed Charles military abilities in England

Question 24

English civil war
5 may 1646

Answer 24

Charles surrender himself to Scottish forces hoped for better settlement terms then parliament would
-Scots handed him back to English parliament and placed him under guarded house arrest

Question 25

how ddi the first English civil war end

Answer 25

surrender of remaining royalist forces at Oxford June 1646

Question 26

English civil war
royalist strengths

Answer 26

led by lawful ruler
more support from aristocracy and higher gentry , had financial reserves and military experience
focused strategic objective , taking London
military aid abroad Charles nephew prince Rupert Maurice

Question 27

English civil war
royalists weakness

Answer 27

areas under royalist control = poorer

Question 28

English civil war
royalists weakness administration

Answer 28

royalist council of war at Oxford was an effective organisation bathed limited authority . royalist commanders in the north and west were independent . Charles had a separate council in Bristol to remove capable men

Question 29

English civil war
royalists weakness indescivenes

Answer 29

Charles and royalists were indescisive initially stated they would start the war but did not
strategic and taking advantage of Charles generals and greater support from aristocracy

Question 30

English civil war
royalists weakness generals

Answer 30

Charles used influential local men as lituenenant generals in their areas hoping they would rlly local support .
due to their lack of commitment and limited military experience , the royalist war effort was weakened
Charles had began to appoint m with military experience ie prince Rupert and Maurice provoking divisions in royalist councils

Question 31

English civil war
royalists weakness division

Answer 31

differing views in the royalist councils
incoherent policies = lack of leadership from Charles and failure to recognise best advice
Hyde advised continued attempts to settle w parliament
Maria continued to advise war until total victory
- Maria had most influence
Rupert opposed a negotiated settlement until defeat confirmed at naseby either in exile or aid

Question 32

English civil war
royalists weakness others

Answer 32

Charles a poor military leader
Charles agreement w catholic
reliance of foreign aid