chapter eleven

Question 1

how was Charles position after the loss of first civil war in 1646

Answer 1

defeated militarily
strong position to negotiate settlement

Question 2

what ddi Charles refuse to consider

Answer 2

parliaments settlement
played on devises between parliament , Scots and the nma

Question 3

parliamentary factions
politcal presbysterians

Answer 3

key figures ; denzil holles and Phillip Stapleton
more moderate in nature “peace party”
conservative in social and political matters
favoured a negotiated peace with the king and willing to accept settlement on minimal terms
increasingly dichanted with nma
drew closer to Scots
supported presbyterian church , prevent social revolution

Question 4

parliamentary factions
policial independents

Answer 4

key figures; Oliver Cromwell and ireton
more radical “war party”
disliked authoritarianism of scot presbyterians
wanted considerable measure of religious toleration
allied with nma , security against Charles
willing to settle with king and disband the nma if Charles gave up powers

Question 5

1646 politcal presbyterians most influential partydue to what policy of theirs

Answer 5

peace policy

Question 6

Newcastle propositions

Answer 6

July 1646

Question 7

who were the Newcastle propositions presented by

Answer 7

political presbyterians in parliament as a plan for a settlement with Charles

Question 8

what were the terms of the Newcastle propositions

Answer 8

Charles to accept presbyterianism in England for 3 years
parliament to control the army for 20 years
triennial act remains
only 58 royalists to not be pardoned

Question 9

what was Charles response to the Newcastle propositions

Answer 9

stall in order for divisions against his opponents to develop

Question 10

what did Charles agree to in winter 1646-7

Answer 10

a more lenient version of the Newcastle propositions and to implement a counter revolution
demobilising the nma and keep a small force to crush Irish catholics and to keep a safe army based in London

Question 11

declaration of dislikes

Answer 11

holles , leader of pp, abused the nma in this document . stated that any army petitioner were “enemies to the state and disturbers of public peace”

Question 12

what was the political presbyterians strategy

Answer 12

parliaments financial problem
owed army 3 million
this bought new radical force into settlement , the nma

Question 13

how did the nma become politicised

Answer 13

their wages were 3 million in arrears , faced disbandment before this money was paid
possibility of being charged with offensives committed during the war as parliament hadn’t passed indemnity act

Question 14

define indemnity act

Answer 14

a protection against loss

Question 15

march 1647

Answer 15

nma petitioned parliament for redress of their grievances , parliament condoned this petition

Question 16

may 1647

Answer 16

commons accepted Charles response to propositions , accepted presbyterianism for 3 years and loss of control of army for 10 years .
army angry too lenient , Charles could not honour them

Question 17

25 may 1647

Answer 17

commons voted to disband the nma with only 8 weeks of arrears pay

Question 18

June 1647

Answer 18

nma held a meeting at Newmarket on orders of Fairfax , organised to get an army settlement

Question 19

2 June 1647

Answer 19

Charles seized by army in order to force a settlement for the army

Question 20

4 June 1647

Answer 20

humble remonstrance
army declared the wouldn’t disband until needs were met
low march on London , pressuring parliament

Question 21

5 June 1647

Answer 21

army presented solemn engagement , ireton wrote to parliament
reinforced by impeachment charges against 11 mps incl holles
army saw holles as leading parliament against them

Question 22

14 June 1647

Answer 22

ireton and Lambert , representation of the army , outlined fundamentals of army political position .
wanted purge of parliaments
future parliaments of a fixed duration
guaranteed right of freedom of the people to petition parliament
an extension of religious freedom

Question 23

jury 1647

Answer 23

adductors in the army felt the their demands were being met to slowly
heads of the army , ireton and Cromwell looked weak and moderate opened to hypocrisy

Question 24

august 2 1647

Answer 24

heads of proposal , army settlement plan stated
regular biennial parliaments
reform parliamentary representation
parliaments control of army and navy
appointment of great offices of state for ten yrs
act of oblivion , religious settlement maintained bishops

Question 25

Army had captured Charles which meant

Answer 25

they could negotiate directly with him to accept the heads of the proposals

Question 26

army negotiations angered the army as the willingness to compromise caused divisions

Question 27

26 July 1647

Answer 27

mob invaded commons
passed resolution inviting Charles to london

Question 28

3 aug 1647

Answer 28

army outside lodnoin w political independents Marc he’d into Westminster on 6th
city of London on 8th

Question 29

Charles duplicity was confirmed how

Answer 29

he had escaped from Hampton court nov 1647
nma and lower officers to reconcile and join forces against him