chapter 1

Question 1

define political nation

Answer 1

people who had a economic political and social influence

Question 1

who was the head of the political nation

Answer 1

the king

Question 2

what years did james I rule

Answer 2

1603-25

Question 3

how did james I become king of england and scotland

Answer 3

his great grandmother margaret tudor who was the sister of king henry vIII , had married the scottish king

Question 4

how was james I as a ruler

Answer 4

succesful and pragmatic understood he had to work with parliment however dissolved it several times throughout his reign

Question 5

what years did charles I rule

Answer 5

1625-49

Question 6

how old was charles when he became heir to the thrown

Answer 6

11

Question 7

how was Charles I as a ruler

Answer 7

largely unprepared and did not get along with parliment

Question 8

what years did charles II rule

Answer 8

1660-85

Question 9

where did charles II spend his formative years

Answer 9

in foreign exile in mainland europe after the defeat and execution of his father

Question 10

what was Charles II main goal

Answer 10

to maintain the throne after being restored to the throne in 1660 after cromwells collapse of regimes

Question 11

who was Charles II similar too

Answer 11

James I his grandather , a pragmatic king

Question 12

what years did james II rule

Answer 12

1685-88

Question 13

what was James II downfall

Answer 13

his determination to establish his religous values (catholicsm) started rebellions against him

Question 14

define prerogative

Answer 14

the power of the crown

Question 15

the monarchs prerogrative gave them power over which key ares

Answer 15

foreign diplomacy as head of state
declaration of war as commader of chief in military
legislation through right to call and dissolve parliment
religion as the supreme govener and head of church england

Question 16

define absolutist

Answer 16

ruling freely with unrestricted political power

Question 17

what limited the monarchs becoming absolutist

Answer 17

the monarchs income due to inflantion and their expenses . their income could often not meet their expenses especially in foreign policies

Question 18

define subsidy

Answer 18

a form of economic support

Question 19

why was parliment reluctant to vote for subisdies

Answer 19

as the money would have to be raised by taxing the political nation

Question 20

limited avaliabilty of parlimentary subsidies forced monarchs too

Answer 20

exploit their prerogrative income , money they recieved due to their position

Question 21

what are the main forms of crown income

Answer 21

crown lands
custom duties
feudal duties
parlimentary subsidy

Question 22

define crown lands

Answer 22

the crown had sold so much land or rented it out on long leases at fixed rent they could not update rents in line with inflation
reduced income

Question 23

define custom duties

Answer 23

taxes from goods imported into the country , crown could sell the rights to collect taxes to raise funds quickly

Question 24

define feudal duties

Answer 24

crown had the right to control an estate that was inherited by an heir under 21

Question 25

define parlimentary subsidy

Answer 25

funds approved by parliment for emergencies such as war

Question 26

what was another limit on the development on absolutism

Answer 26

the monarch needed the help of the political nation to control the general public

Question 27

why could the crown not impose this themselves

Answer 27

as they had fewer then 2000 paid officials , and relied on the help of the political nation to ensure both central and local gov could function

Question 28

list four things the political nation was responsible for

Answer 28

collecting taxes training the militia enforcing laws conducting trials

Question 29

pros and cons of the unwritten costitution

Answer 29

con open to interpretation also a pro society valued the ability to interpret the constitutuion in diffrent ways enabled compromise

Question 30

who has power over the majorty of the public

Answer 30

the crown and the political nation

Question 31

what social groups did the political nation cover

Answer 31

the aristocracy the lesser gentry (status based on land ownership ) newer groups including lawyers and merchants

Question 32

in 1603 how many people were living in england approximtley

Answer 32

4,110,000

Question 33

by 1604 how many peers and gentry was there

Answer 33

peers 120 gentry 20,000 constitues about 1 in 200 of the adult male population

Question 34

what was the minimum requirement to be seen as apart of the politcal nation

Answer 34

earning 40 shillings or above as this was needed to qualify to vote for ones local member of parliment

Question 35

in the 17th century society was very patriarchal meaning

Answer 35

men towards the top of the political nation were able to hold positions of national importance women could be apart of the political nation but limits on how they wield their power or express it in the public domain

Question 36

between 1500 and 1650 what happended to the population of england

Answer 36

nearly doubled

Question 37

list the negative consequences due to this growth

Answer 37

price inflation land shortage unemployfment food shortage greater reliance on the state for poor relief ALL straining the hierachial structure

Question 38

due to failed harvests in 1620's

Answer 38

many died from famine and agricultural population production could not meet the demand for food