Septic Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

What is septic arthritis?

A

Infection of the joint

that damages articular cartilage and bone

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2
Q

What is the infection of septic arthritis associated with?

A

Most commonly bacterial

Can be viral or fungal

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3
Q

What are the causes of septic arthritis?

A
  • Staphylococcus aureus or streptococci
  • Direct injury to the joint
  • Hematogenous spread
  • Contiguous Osteomyelitis
  • Rarely from arthrocentesis or arthroscopy
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4
Q

What is involved with hematogenous spread?

A

Pts with indwelling catheters
Immunocompromised
UTIs

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5
Q

What is important to know considering septic arthritis in IV drug users?

A

SC or SI joint

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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6
Q

What is observed in PE of septic arthritis?

A
Very painful, red, hot swollen joint
- Usually monoarticular
- Knee- more that 50% of cases
Decreased ROM
\+/- fever
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7
Q

What imaging is used to diagnose septic arthritis?

A

Plain films

  • Usually normal
  • Soft tissue swelling; radiolucent lines if prosthetic joint infection

MRI
- Identify osteomyelitis

Bone Scan
- To evaluate for associated osteomyelitis

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8
Q

What labs are used in diagnosing septic arthritis?

A

Synovial Fluid Analysis
CBC w/diff
ESR
CRP

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9
Q

What will synovial fluid analysis in septic arthritis show?

A

WBCs > 50,000
Low glucose
High protein

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10
Q

What is important to know about ESR and CRP in septic arthritis?

A

High sensitivity, low specificity

CRP more specific and rises faster

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11
Q

What is the treatment of septic arthritis?

A

SURGERY
IV antibiotics
- Based on culture and sensitivity
- 4-6 weeks

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