sensory and motor development: 2

Question 1

tactile development is the development of..
8 weeks =
10 weeks =
12 weeks =

Answer 1

touch
8= areas around the lips being touched
10 = reflexive grasp
12= toes curl

Question 2

touch to vision?

Sann and Streri (2007)

Answer 2

Matching touch to vision- yES

• newborn infants
• held objects until habituation
• infants look longer at novel objects

Question 3

vision to touch

Sann and Steri (2007)

Answer 3

infants did not hold the novel object for longer

Question 4

motor development
1-3 months 
2-4 months 
5-8 
5-10
5-11
10-14
13-18
18-30

Answer 4

1-3 months = step reflex, support
2-4 months = lifts head
5-8 = sits with support
5-10= stands with support
5-11= craws
10-14= stand, walk 
13-18= run, jump
18-30

Question 5

why is motor development important

Answer 5

• it is important for cognition
  notable from the onset of crawling (5-11 months)
  Brings concurrent improvements in memory

Question 6

motor development and memory

Herbert, Gross and Hayne (2007)

Answer 6

9 month olds memory task:
both those who could crawl and not could remember demonstration.
crawlers remembered it when cue/ context changed = flexible memory.

Question 7

Adolph and Tamis- LeMonda (2014) : Crawling to walking

Answer 7

Crawling- expert
give up to become a walker. 
Walking provides a much bigger view of the world - > cognitive development. 
Allows interaction
better visual input

Question 8

what is perception

Answer 8

how we see hear or experience the world

Question 9

what is cognition

Answer 9

how we form, use and act upon internal thoughts, states or pictures
(mental representations)

Question 10

how do we study cognition in infants

Answer 10

violation of expectations task

• event until habituation
• look longer indicate surprise.

Question 11

Wynn (1992) Counting infants

Answer 11

4 and 4 year olds look longer at the impossible event. 
they look longer at events such as: 
1+1 = 1 or 2-1= 2
than events such as 
1+1= 2 or 2-1=1 

infants expectations seem to be precise numerosity

Question 12

what is object permanence (Piaget)

Answer 12

being able to mentally represent an object which is not visible

Question 13

What view does piaget have on childrens development?

Answer 13

Constructivism

Question 14

when does object permanence develop?

Answer 14

9 months.
Infants can search for objects which are out of view.
(but still not adult like)

Question 15

What is the A not B task

Answer 15

habituated to teddy in box a
then see teddy in box b

Young children (9 months) will reach to location a

By around 12 months infants reach to the correct location- flexible memory

Question 16

what is the problem with piagets work on object permanence

Answer 16

he observed childrens actions towards an object

more recent paradigms investigate looking paradigms- Different conclusions

Question 17

VoE task : Baillargeon (1986) 6-8 m/o

Answer 17

Truck behind a block.
6- 8 m/o look longer at the impossible event

was also replicated with 4 month old.

Question 18

how can we explain the difference between PIaget and Bailargeon?

Answer 18

The knowledge is there early in development but the ability to act upon the knowledge develops later.
- development in the first year of life involves building links between knowledge and actions.

Question 19

what did sann and sterri find?

Answer 19

That infants sensory development is not bi- directional at first
- infants can remember things across the domain- touch to vision
but not from vision to touch