Lecture 3: VYGOTSKY Flashcards
What kind of theory is Vygotsky?
Socio cultural theory
What is vygotsky’s theory centered around?
Inner speech -> plays a cruicial role in promoting cognitive development
Believes a childs learning is best when an adult is there to support their learning.
what are the main influencers of development
Play, Problem solving, and language
How does play influence development?
social- culture determines the type of play we engage in
How does problem solving influence development?
The kepell people are not as good as US people at predicting length but better at predicting quantities of rice.
Luria (1979) studied two groups of farmers the schooled farmers grouped based on abstract categories, the unschooled farmers grouped based on practical solutions.
Chen, Mo and Honomichl (2004) Chinese and US students were tested on two problems US were better if the problem related to a western story andf chinese were better if it related to a chinese story.
How does language influence deveopment?
Subtle differences result in large difference.
gordan (2004) amazonian tribe have no numbers less than 5
German children have problems writing numbers because of the way they are spoken.
Why is self speech important in development?
Self speech is a transition from using language to communicate to a tool for thought
- Monolouges become internalised around age 7
Examples:
Berke: more self speech if the task is challenging
Behrend et al (1992) children who use speech when attending to a task perform better than children who dont.
What is scaffolding
Increasing what a child can do,
the zone of proximal development is when children learn best.
Wood et al (1976)
- Recruitment- engage a childs interest
- Reduction in the degrees of freedom - simplifying
- Direction of maintenance (reminding)
- Critical features (highlight whats important
- Demonstration
VYGOTSKY VS. PIAGET
similarities
Both constructivists
Both believe that children are active learners.
VYGOTSKY VS. PIAGET
differences
Piaget: The child is the scientist, there are distinct stages which all children go through with qualitative shifts. interaction is not necessary for development. Self speech would mean that the child is egocentric.
Vygotsky: Gradual quantitative, interaction is necessary for development. Environment and culture do matter. Self speech is a transition phase.
How does a childs play influence their development?
Morelli (2003) American, Efe and Indigenous tribe children differed from the american children.
Problem solving
Language.
when does Vygotsky suggest that inner speech becomes internalised?
age 7.
