Sensation

Question 1

What are the 3 categories of sensation examined and what do they mean?

Answer 1

Superficial: temeprature, light touch, pain
Deep: proprioception, kinesthesia, vibration
Cortical: combined sensations.bilateral simultaneous stimulation, sterognosis, two point discrimination, barognosis, location of touch

Question 2

What is barognosis?

Answer 2

percieve the weight of different objects in hand

Question 3

How to assess deep pain?

Answer 3

squeeze forearm or calf muscle

Question 4

Graphesthesia

Answer 4

identify a number of letter draw on skin

Question 5

Kinesthesia

Answer 5

identify direction and extent of movement of a joint or body part

Question 6

localization

Answer 6

ability to identify the exact location of light touch on teh body using verbal response or gesturing

Question 7

proprioception

Answer 7

identify a static position of an extremity or body part

Question 8

stereognosis

Answer 8

identify an object without sight

Question 9

superficial pain

Answer 9

perceive noxious stimulus using a pen cap, paper clip end or pin

Question 10

two-point discrimination

Answer 10

using a two point caliper on skin, identify one or two points without visual input

Question 11

Vibration

Answer 11

percieve vibration through a tuning fork

Question 12

How is vibration tested? what Hz tuning fork?

Answer 12

alternate between vibration and no vibration with 128 Hz

Question 13

Where is vibration tested?

Answer 13

IP joints of finger or IP joint of great toe initially

then other BONY PROMINENCEs including wrist, elbow, spinous process, clavicles, medial malleolus, patella and ASIS

Question 14

How to test pressure?

Answer 14

touch skin with fingertip using direct pressure firm enough to stimulate deep receptors

Question 15

Allodynia?

Answer 15

sensation of pain in response to non-painful stimuli

Question 16

Analgesia

Answer 16

absence of pain whil remaining conscous

Question 17

Anesthesia

Answer 17

absence of touch sensation

Question 18

Causalgia

Answer 18

constant, relentless, burning hyperesthesia and hyperalgesia that develops after a peripheral nerve injury

Question 19

Dysesthesia

Answer 19

distortion of any senses, especially touch

Question 20

Hyperesthesia

Answer 20

heightened sensation

Question 21

hyperpathia

Answer 21

extreme exaggerated response to pain

Question 22

Hypesthesia

Answer 22

diminished sensation of touch (NOT hyperesthesia)

Question 23

neuralgia

Answer 23

severe and multiple shock like pains that radiate from a specific nerve distribution

Question 24

pallanesthesia

Answer 24

loss of vibration sensation

Question 25

paresthesia

Answer 25

abnormal sensations such as tingling, pins and needles or burning