Neuro Terminology p. 263/294

Question 1

Slow, twisting, and wirthing movements that are large in amplitude?

Answer 1

Athetosis

Question 2

Brief, irregular contractions that are rapid?

Answer 2

Chorea

Question 3

A form of chorea that includes choreic jerks of large amplitude?

Answer 3

Ballism

Question 4

Chorea is often secondary to damage where and chorea is often equated to what?

Answer 4

damage to caudate nucleus

Equated to fidgeting

Question 5

What is choreoathetosis?

Answer 5

When athetosis movements (Slow, twisting, and wirthing movements that are large in amplitude) are brief (chorea)

Question 6

Intention tremors typically indicate a lesion where? and are seen with what diagnosis?

Answer 6

Lesion to cerebellum

Multiple sclerosis

Question 7

inability to initiate movement, commonly seen in parkinson’s patients

Answer 7

akinesia

Question 8

generalized weakness typically secondary to cerebellar pathology

Answer 8

asthenia

Question 9

inability to perform coordinated movements

Answer 9

ataxia

Question 10

condition presents with involuntary movements combined with instability of posture. Peripheral movements occur without central stability?

Answer 10

Athetosis

Question 11

movement is slow

Answer 11

bradykinesia

Question 12

movements are sudden, rapid, and involutnary

Answer 12

chorea

Question 13

a form of resistance seen during ROM of a hypertonic joint whre there is greatest resistance at initiation of range that lessens with movement through ROM

Answer 13

clasp-knife response

Question 14

a characteristic of UMN lesion, involuntary alternating spasmodic contraction of muscle precipitated by quick stretch reflex

Answer 14

clonus

Question 15

a form of rigidity where resistance to movement has phasic quality to it, often seen in Parkinson’s

Answer 15

Cogwheel rigidity

Question 16

inability to perform RAM

Answer 16

dysdiadochokinesia

Question 17

inability to control range of movement and force of muscular activity

Answer 17

dysmetria

Question 18

closely related to athetosis, however there is larger axial muscle inovlvement rather than appendicular muscles

Answer 18

dystonia

Question 19

muscular twitch that is caused by random discharge of LMN and its muscle fibers, suggests LMN disease

Answer 19

fasiculation

Question 20

an involuntary and violent movement of a large body part

Answer 20

hemiballism

Question 21

ability to percieve the direction and extent of movement of a joint or body part

Answer 21

kinesthesia

Question 22

a form of rigidity where there is uniform and constant resistance to ROM, often assoicated with lesions to basal ganglia

Answer 22

lead pipe rigidity

Question 23

a state of severe hypertonicity where sustained muscle contraction does not allow for any movvement at specific joints

Answer 23

rigidity

Question 24

inability to interpret information

Answer 24

agnosia

Question 25

inability to recognize symbols, letters, or numbers traced on skin

Answer 25

agraphesthesia

Question 26

inability to write due to lesion within brain and is typically found in combination with aphasia

Answer 26

agraphia

Question 27

inability to read or comprehend written language secondary to lesion within dominant lobe of brain

Answer 27

alexia

Question 28

denial or unawareness of ones illness, often associated with unilateral neglect

Answer 28

anosognosia

Question 29

inability to communicate or comprehend due to damage to specific areas of the brain

Answer 29

aphasia

Question 30

inability to perform purposeful learned movements or activities even though there is no sensory or motor impairment that would hinder completion

Answer 30

apraxia

Question 31

inability to recognize objects by sense of touch

Answer 31

asterognosis

Question 32

having an understanding of the body as a whole and the relaionship of its parts to whole

Answer 32

body schema

Question 33

the inability to reproduce geometric figures and designs. A person is often unable to visually analyze how to perform a task

Answer 33

constructional apraxia

Question 34

a characteristic of corticospinal lesion at the level of the brainstem that results in extension of the trunk and all extremities

Answer 34

decerebrate rigidity DE CEREBRATE - EXTENSION

Question 35

a characteristic of corticospinal lesion at the level of the diencephalon that results in extension of trunk and lower extremities while UE are positioned in flexion

Answer 35

Decorticate DE CEREBRATE - EXTENSION

Question 36

double vision

Answer 36

diploplia

Question 37

slurred and impaired speech due to motor deficits of the tongue or other muscles essential for speech

Answer 37

dysarthria

Question 38

inability to swallow properly

Answer 38

dysphagia

Question 39

impairment in rhythm and inflection of speech

Answer 39

dysprosody

Question 40

characteristic of right hemisphere infarct where there is inability to control emotions

Answer 40

emotional lability

Question 41

characteristic of receptive aphasia where speech produces functional output regarding articulation but lacks content and is typically dysporodic

Answer 41

fluent aphasia

Question 42

A condition where one side of body is weak

Answer 42

hemiparesis

Question 43

condition where one side of the body is paralyzed

Answer 43

hemiplegia

Question 44

loss of right or left half of visual field in both eyes

Answer 44

homonymous hemianopsia

Question 45

inability to formulate an initial motor plan and sequence tasks where the proprioceptive input necessary for movement is required

Answer 45

ideational apraxia

Question 46

condition where a person plans a movement or task but cannot volitionally perform it. Automatic movement amy occur

Answer 46

Ideomotor apraxia

Question 47

substitution within a word that is so severe that it makes the word unrecognizable

Answer 47

neologism

Question 48

characteristic of expressive aphasia where speech is non-functional, effortful, and contains paraphasias. writing also imparied

Answer 48

non-fluent aphasia

Question 49

state of repeadely performign the same segmanet of a task or repetedly saying the same word without purpose

Answer 49

perseveration

Question 50

mass movement patterns that are primitive in nature and couple with spasticity due to brain damage

Answer 50

synergy

Question 51

inability to interpret stimuli and events on the contralateral side of a hemisphereic lesion.

Answer 51

unilateral neglect