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NPTE - Neuro > Neuro Terminology p. 263/294 > Flashcards

Neuro Terminology p. 263/294 Flashcards

1
Q

Slow, twisting, and wirthing movements that are large in amplitude?

A

Athetosis

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2
Q

Brief, irregular contractions that are rapid?

A

Chorea

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3
Q

A form of chorea that includes choreic jerks of large amplitude?

A

Ballism

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4
Q

Chorea is often secondary to damage where and chorea is often equated to what?

A

damage to caudate nucleus

Equated to fidgeting

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5
Q

What is choreoathetosis?

A

When athetosis movements (Slow, twisting, and wirthing movements that are large in amplitude) are brief (chorea)

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6
Q

Intention tremors typically indicate a lesion where? and are seen with what diagnosis?

A

Lesion to cerebellum

Multiple sclerosis

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7
Q

inability to initiate movement, commonly seen in parkinson’s patients

A

akinesia

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8
Q

generalized weakness typically secondary to cerebellar pathology

A

asthenia

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9
Q

inability to perform coordinated movements

A

ataxia

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10
Q

condition presents with involuntary movements combined with instability of posture. Peripheral movements occur without central stability?

A

Athetosis

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11
Q

movement is slow

A

bradykinesia

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12
Q

movements are sudden, rapid, and involutnary

A

chorea

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13
Q

a form of resistance seen during ROM of a hypertonic joint whre there is greatest resistance at initiation of range that lessens with movement through ROM

A

clasp-knife response

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14
Q

a characteristic of UMN lesion, involuntary alternating spasmodic contraction of muscle precipitated by quick stretch reflex

A

clonus

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15
Q

a form of rigidity where resistance to movement has phasic quality to it, often seen in Parkinson’s

A

Cogwheel rigidity

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16
Q

inability to perform RAM

A

dysdiadochokinesia

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17
Q

inability to control range of movement and force of muscular activity

A

dysmetria

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18
Q

closely related to athetosis, however there is larger axial muscle inovlvement rather than appendicular muscles

A

dystonia

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19
Q

muscular twitch that is caused by random discharge of LMN and its muscle fibers, suggests LMN disease

A

fasiculation

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20
Q

an involuntary and violent movement of a large body part

A

hemiballism

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21
Q

ability to percieve the direction and extent of movement of a joint or body part

A

kinesthesia

22
Q

a form of rigidity where there is uniform and constant resistance to ROM, often assoicated with lesions to basal ganglia

A

lead pipe rigidity

23
Q

a state of severe hypertonicity where sustained muscle contraction does not allow for any movvement at specific joints

A

rigidity

24
Q

inability to interpret information

A

agnosia

25
Q

inability to recognize symbols, letters, or numbers traced on skin

A

agraphesthesia

26
Q

inability to write due to lesion within brain and is typically found in combination with aphasia

A

agraphia

27
Q

inability to read or comprehend written language secondary to lesion within dominant lobe of brain

A

alexia

28
Q

denial or unawareness of ones illness, often associated with unilateral neglect

A

anosognosia

29
Q

inability to communicate or comprehend due to damage to specific areas of the brain

A

aphasia

30
Q

inability to perform purposeful learned movements or activities even though there is no sensory or motor impairment that would hinder completion

A

apraxia

31
Q

inability to recognize objects by sense of touch

A

asterognosis

32
Q

having an understanding of the body as a whole and the relaionship of its parts to whole

A

body schema

33
Q

the inability to reproduce geometric figures and designs. A person is often unable to visually analyze how to perform a task

A

constructional apraxia

34
Q

a characteristic of corticospinal lesion at the level of the brainstem that results in extension of the trunk and all extremities

A

decerebrate rigidity

DE CEREBRATE - EXTENSION

35
Q

a characteristic of corticospinal lesion at the level of the diencephalon that results in extension of trunk and lower extremities while UE are positioned in flexion

A

Decorticate

DE CEREBRATE - EXTENSION

36
Q

double vision

A

diploplia

37
Q

slurred and impaired speech due to motor deficits of the tongue or other muscles essential for speech

A

dysarthria

38
Q

inability to swallow properly

A

dysphagia

39
Q

impairment in rhythm and inflection of speech

A

dysprosody

40
Q

characteristic of right hemisphere infarct where there is inability to control emotions

A

emotional lability

41
Q

characteristic of receptive aphasia where speech produces functional output regarding articulation but lacks content and is typically dysporodic

A

fluent aphasia

42
Q

A condition where one side of body is weak

A

hemiparesis

43
Q

condition where one side of the body is paralyzed

A

hemiplegia

44
Q

loss of right or left half of visual field in both eyes

A

homonymous hemianopsia

45
Q

inability to formulate an initial motor plan and sequence tasks where the proprioceptive input necessary for movement is required

A

ideational apraxia

46
Q

condition where a person plans a movement or task but cannot volitionally perform it. Automatic movement amy occur

A

Ideomotor apraxia

47
Q

substitution within a word that is so severe that it makes the word unrecognizable

A

neologism

48
Q

characteristic of expressive aphasia where speech is non-functional, effortful, and contains paraphasias. writing also imparied

A

non-fluent aphasia

49
Q

state of repeadely performign the same segmanet of a task or repetedly saying the same word without purpose

A

perseveration

50
Q

mass movement patterns that are primitive in nature and couple with spasticity due to brain damage

A

synergy

51
Q

inability to interpret stimuli and events on the contralateral side of a hemisphereic lesion.

A

unilateral neglect

NPTE - Neuro (23 decks)

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