Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NPTE - Neuro > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Are cranial nerves part of the peripheral or central nervous system?

A

peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What information do the ventral and dorsal roots of spinal nerves carry?

A

Ventral roots: motor information (efferent fibers)

Dorsal roots: sensory information (afferent fibers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two times of ganglia?

A
  1. Sensory (dorsal root) ganglia

2. Autonomic ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What 2 things does the Somatic Nervous System control?

A
  1. peripheral sensory fibers

2. motor nerve fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lesions to what are of the brain can result in aggression, extreme fearfullness, altered sexual behavior, and changes in motivation?

A

Limbic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Disorders like constipation, erectile dysfunction, Horner’s syndrome, vasovagal syncope, orthostatic hypotension, and postural tachycardia syndrome are examples of disorders of what system?

A

Autonomic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 major components of the brain?

A

Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the components of the Forebrain?

A

Telencephalon and Diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the largest division of the brain and consists of the cerebrum, hippocampus, basal ganglia, and amygdala?

A

Telencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What hemsiphere is responsible for language, analytics, mathematical calculations, and logic?

A

Left hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What hemisphere is responsible for nonverbal processing, artristic abilities, spatial relationships, and expressing negative emotions?

A

right hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is broca’s area located?

A

left frontal lobe typically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Damage to what hemisphere can lead to anosognosia? (lack of insight into illness)

A

Parietal non-dominant hemisphere (usually right hemisphere)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Damage to what hemisphere can lead to agraphia (inability to write), alexia (inability to read), and agnosia (inability to interpret sensory input AKA recognize things)?

A

Parietal dominant hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Wernickes area is typically loacated where?

A

Left hemisphere of temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What lobe is the hippocampus in?

A

temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What structure is located adjacent to the hippocampus and is responsible for emotional and social processing?

A

amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What area of the brain is beneath the cerebral hemispheres and contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, and epithalamus? Area where major motor and sensory tracts synapse?

A

Diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a neurological disorder characterized by loss of the ability to execute or carry out skilled movements and gestures, despite having the desire and the physical ability to perform them.results from dysfunction of the cerebral hemispheres of the brain, especially the parietal lobe, and can arise from many diseases or damage to the brain

A

Apraxia (“dyspraxia” if mild)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What structure is a relay or processing station for the majority of information that goes to the cerebral cortex?

A

Thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What structure recieves and integrates information from the autonomic nervous system and assists in regulating hormones? Located below the thalamus at the base of the diencephalon

A

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What structure is located in the diencephalon and is important for regulating movemetns produced by skeletal muscles?

A

subthalamus

23
Q

What is primarily represented by the pineal gland and secretes melatonin?

A

Epithalamus

24
Q

What serves as the connection between the forebrain and hindbrain?

A

Midbrain

25
Q

What is a reflex center for visual, auditory, and tactile responses?

A

midbrain

26
Q

What are the 3 components of the hindbrain?

A

Cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata

27
Q

Damage to what area may produce ataxia, nystagmus, tremor, hypermetria, poor coordination,and deficits in postural reflexes, balance, and equilibrium?

A

Cerebellum

28
Q

What are of the brain regulates respiration rate and is assoicated with the orientation of the head in relation to visual and auditory stimuli?

A

Pons

29
Q

What 2 cranial nerves originate from the Pons?

A

V
and
VIII

30
Q

What 4 cranial nerves originate from the medulla oblongata?

A

IX, X, XI, XII

31
Q

What 2 pairs of arterties form the Circle of Willis?

A

two internal carotid arteries

Two vertebral arteries

32
Q

Issues with the Anterior cerebral artery could lead to involvement of which motor and sensory areas of the body?

A

contralateral lower extremity and sensory involvement

33
Q

Damage to what artery can lead to behavioral inhibition, neglect, sphasia, apraxia, agraphia, perseveration, and akinetic mutism (tend not to move or speak)?

A

Anterior Cerebral Artery

34
Q

What supplies the anterior frontal lobe and medial surface of frontal and parietal lobes?

A

Anterior Cerebral Artery

35
Q

What areas of sensation and motor function are lost with a middle cerebral artery infarct?

A

contralateral face and upper extremity

36
Q

An infarct to which artery would result in contralateral pain and temperature sensory loss, contralateral hemiplegia, ataxia, thalamic pain syndrome, anomia,hemibalismus alexia, and visual agnosia?

A

posterior cerebral artery (PCA)

37
Q

What artery supplies the cerebellum, medulla, pons, midbrain, and thalamus?

A

vertebral-basilar artery

38
Q

Infarct to what area can produce Wernicke’s or Broca’s aphasia?

A

middle cerebral aphasia

39
Q

What artery damage could produce thalamic pain syndrome and cortical blindness?

A

Posterior cerebral artery

40
Q

Damage to what artery can lead to locked in syndrome, coma, or wallenberg syndrome?

A

Vertebral-basilar artery

41
Q

What condition is characterized by ipsilateral facial pain and temperature impairment, ipsilateral ataxia, vertigo, contralateral pain and temperature impairment of the body secondary to lateral medullary infarct?

A

Wallenberg Syndrome

42
Q

what are the 3 layers of the meninges form the outer to innermost layer?

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid
Pia

43
Q

Brudzinski’s sign (flexion of neck facilitates flexion of hips and knees) and Kernig’s sign (pain with hip flexion combined with knee extension) are indicative of what MEDICAL EMERGENCY?

A

Meningitis

44
Q

What is the area between teh skull and outer dura matera and the area between the dura mater and periosteum of the vertebrae?

A

epidural space

45
Q

What is the are between teh arachnoid and pia mater that contains CSF and circulatory stystem for the cerbral cortex?

A

Subarachnoid space

46
Q

What is syringomyelia?

A

excess CSF in spinal cord

47
Q

Where does the spinal cord end?

A

at conus medullaris between the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae

48
Q

Where do sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves originate?

A

sympathetic: lateral horn of thoracic spinal cord
parasympathetic: lateral gray matter of sacral level of spinal cord

49
Q

What is a breif gap in myelination of an axon to faciliate rapid conduction of a nerve?

A

nodes of ranvier

50
Q

What are peripheral nerve fibers are large, myelinated, a nd have a high conduction rate?

A

A fibers

51
Q

What are 4 types of A fibers in the peripheral nervous sytem?

A

Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta

52
Q

What peripheral nerve fibers are medium, myelinated nadn are preganglionic fibers of the autonomic system?

A

B fibers

53
Q

What peripheral nerve fibers are small, unmyelinated, slow, and postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic system?

A

C fibers

NPTE - Neuro (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions