Self Efficacy And Confidence

Question 1

Confidence in sport def

Answer 1

The belief in your ability to master a situation

Question 2

Vealey’s model of what confidence is based on

Answer 2

1. Personality- your level of competitiveness
2. Experience- your amount of past success on the task and your belief in the ability to succeed in the future
3. Situation- playing at home or away, for example

Question 3

Trait confidence def

Answer 3

Belief in the ability to do well in a range of sports like

Question 4

State confidence definition

Answer 4

The belief in the ability to master a specific sporting moment

Question 5

Trait confidence characteristics

Answer 5

Consistent

Innate confidence shown in most situations

Question 6

State confidence characteristics

Answer 6

Situation specific
Eg. Taking a penalty. Temporary, can vary depending on the interaction of experience and personality
How a performer rates their ability to perform at a particular moment

Question 7

Vealeys model of self confidence

Answer 7

1. Looks at trait, state, situation, competitive orientation
2. Trait and state confidence combine to produce a objective sporting situation (OSS)
3. State and trait confidence will be high if skill has been completed successfully previously but the OSS takes into account the conditions and crowd pressure eg. Last minute
4. Performer then evaluates performance taking into account the OSS eg. Crossed well today with the wind
5. Result from the judgement may lead to a good competitive orientation
6. Consequently performer is prepared to try hard in most sporting situations and develops characteristics of approach behaviour. This means that confidence gained in one area of sport may lead to improved confidence in other areas
7. Known as the subject outcome. If that is good then trait confidence and competitive orientation increase but if the subjective outcome is bad then both decrease

Question 8

Competitive orientation def

Answer 8

How much a performer is drawn to challenging situations

Question 9

Objective sporting situation def

Answer 9

The performance is a combination of the type of skill and the situation the skill is performed in

Question 10

Self efficacy def

Answer 10

A belief in the ability to master a sporting situation

Question 11

Bandura self efficacy theory

Answer 11

Four factors affect confidence in any situation:

1. Performance accomplishments- what you have done before
2. Vicarious experience- seeing other models do it. Most effective if of a similar ability
3. Verbal persuasion- reinforcement and encouragement. Most effective form significant others
4. Emotional arousal- Your interpretation of your level of anxiety. Do you experience cognitive or somatic symptoms?

If all factors are positive than a highly satisfactory performance will result

Question 12

Emotional arousal def

Answer 12

A perception of the effects of anxiety on performance

Question 13

How to improve confidence

Answer 13

1. Performance accomplishments
   - Set realistic goals
   - Allow success early in training
2. Vicarious experience
   - Show accurate demonstrations using attainable role models
3. Verbal persuasion
   - Avoid social comparison
   - Give reinforcement and praise
   - Coach one on one
4. Emotional arousal
   - Stress management techniques to control arousal
   - use mental practice and visualisation techniques

Question 14

Home field advantage

Positives and negatives

Answer 14

Advantages

• Home crowd support and encouragement
• Familiar environment
• Increased motivation
• Functional Assertive Behaviour- (more assertion and correct responses)
• For Away team- increased anxiety, motivated to defend, social inhibition

Disadvantages

• Can ‘choke’- increased pressure and anxiety can decrease performance (catastrophe theory)
• Evaluation apprehension
• Social inhibition