Self 1: Cognition Definitions Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Define: Learning

A

A relatively permanent change, often of behaviour, that occurs as a result of experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define: Classical conditioning

A

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired so that a response which is at first elicited by the first stimulus is eventually elicited by the second stimulus alone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define: Unconditioned Stimulus

A

Stimuli that unconditionally, naturally, and automatically triggers a response, without any prior learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define: Unconditioned Response

A

The response that unconditionally, naturally and automatically follows and unconditioned stimulus without any prior learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define: Conditioned Stimuli

A

A previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define: Conditioned Response

A

The learned response that follows a conditioned stimuli after classical conditioning has occurred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define: Operant Conditioning

A

Learning that occurs as a result of rewards or punishments as a consequence of behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define: Operant Conditioning

A

Learning that occurs as a result of rewards or punishments as a consequence of behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define: Operant Conditioning

A

Learning that occurs as a result of rewards or punishments as a consequences of behaviours.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define: Positive Reinforcement

A

The addition of a pleasant stimulus to reward a behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define: Negative Reinforcement

A

The removal of an unpleasant stimulus to reward a behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define: Positive Punishment

A

The addition of an unpleasant stimulus to punish a behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define: Negative Punishment

A

The removal of a pleasant stimulus to punish a behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define: Observational learning

A

New behaviour or modification of a current behaviour which occurs as a result of watching others and copying them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define: Modelling

A

To exhibit a behaviour in such a way as to promote similar behaviours in others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define: Attention

A

The extent to which the subject is focused on the behaviour and/or interested by it

17
Q

Define: Retention

A

The extent to which a subject remembers the behaviour

18
Q

Define: Reproduction

A

The ability of the subject to reproduce the behaviour

19
Q

Define: Motivation

A

The extent to which the subject is willing to perform the behaviour

20
Q

Define: Token Economies

A

A type of psychotherapy in which people are rewarded for good behaviour with tokens that can be exchanged for privileges or tangible rewards

21
Q

Define: Saturation

A

The overexposure of one type of reinforcement or punishment

22
Q

Define: Phobias

A

An anxiety response to something that is out of proportion to the threat

23
Q

Define: Systematic Desensitisation

A

The application of classical conditioning to treat phobias and other anxiety problems

24
Q

Define: Graduated Exposure

A

When patients are gradually exposed to a stimuli they are unreasonably afraid of so that they will realise that they are not in danger

25
Q

Define: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

A

A form of psychotherapy that aims to change behaviours by modifying the thought process that leads to them

26
Q

Declarative memory

A

The memory of facts and experiences

27
Q

Encoding

A

Processing of information into a form suitable for storage by the brain

28
Q

Procedural memory

A

The memory of how to do things

29
Q

Retrieval

A

Getting information out of stored memory

30
Q

Storage

A

retention of information