Others 1: Relational Influences Definitions

Question 1

Define: Socialisation

Answer 1

The acquisition of beliefs, values and behaviours necessary to function effectively as a member of society

Question 2

Define: Attachment

Answer 2

A close emotional bond between a child and their parent or caregiver

Question 3

Define: Critical Period

Answer 3

A period during development in which a particular skill or characteristic is believed to be most readily acquired

Question 4

Define: Strange Situation

Answer 4

The strange situation classification is an attachment assessment technique designed for young children, which was developed by psychologist Mary Ainsworth

Question 5

Define: Secure Attachment

Answer 5

A secure emotional bond between parent and child characterized during the SSC by the child showing distress when the caregiver leaves but being easily comforted when they return when they return

Question 6

Define: Insecure Resistant

Answer 6

An insecure emotional bond between parent and child characterised during the SSC by the child showing severe distress when their caregiver leaves and being ambivalent or inconsolable when they return

Question 7

Define: Insecure Avoidant

Answer 7

An insecure emotional bond between parent and child characterised during the SSC by the child showing limited emotional responses when the caregiver leaves and returns

Question 8

Define: Insecure Disorganised

Answer 8

An insecure emotional bond between parent and child characterised during the SSC by the child showing contradictory behaviours towards the caregiver

Question 9

Define: Culture

Answer 9

The ideas, customs and social behaviour of a particular people or society

Question 10

Define: Parenting Style

Answer 10

Baumrind’s styles of parenting are based the level of responsiveness and control in parent-child interactions and this can reliably predict children’s social, emotional and cognitive functioning

Question 11

Define: Authoritative

Answer 11

A parenting style characterised by a high level of both responsiveness and control

Question 12

Define: Authoritarian

Answer 12

A parenting style characterised by a high level of control but a low level of responsiveness

Question 13

Define: Permissive

Answer 13

A parenting style characterised by a high level of responsiveness but a low level of control

Question 14

Define: Uninvolved

Answer 14

A parenting style characterised by a low level of both responsiveness and control

Question 15

Define: Conflict

Answer 15

Behaviour that occurs when two or more parties perceive that they have incompatible goals, ideas or behaviours

Question 16

Define: Conflict Resolution

Answer 16

A way for two or more parties to find a peaceful solution to a disagreement or conflict among them

Question 17

Define: Imposed Solution

Answer 17

Dictated solutions, which usually lead to one party winning, while the underlying conflict is not resolved

Question 18

Define: Integrative Solution

Answer 18

Win-win solutions where both sides can benefit from the decision reached

Question 19

Define: Distributive Solution

Answer 19

A solution that involves compromise or mutual concessions

Question 20

Define: Counselling

Answer 20

The provision of professional assistance and guidance in resolving a problem

Question 21

Define: Mediation

Answer 21

Bringing in a neutral third party to assist in resolving the dispute

Question 22

Define: Negotiation

Answer 22

When two parties have some shared interests they can have a discussion with the aim of reaching a compromise and/or breaking down misunderstandings