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peds > seizures > Flashcards

seizures Flashcards

1
Q

key features of absence and triggers and EEG

A
  • flickering of eyelids
  • no aura
  • no memory of event
  • daydreaming
  • decline in school
  • lasts up to 30 s

triggers: hypersalivation, blowing a candle

EEG- 3 HZ

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2
Q

atypical absence features

A

<2.5 hz Hz

worse prognosis

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3
Q

generalised tonic clonic fetaures

A 
ictal cry 
cyanosis- pooling of secretions 
rigidity 
up rolled eyes 
can come with/o aura  
post ictal  effect
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4
Q

examples of auro

when do we very rarely give AED after FISRST SEIZURE

A

smell, abdominal discomfort, de ja vu jerking of a limb

  1. very abnromal EEG
  2. abnormal neuro exma
  3. seizure is epileptic status
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5
Q

how long does tonic phase and clonic phase last

A

tonic - 10-30 s

clonic - up to 5 mins

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6
Q

features of clonic phase

A

increase sympathetic

loss of sphincter control

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7
Q

how long can post ictal phase last and features of it

A

up to 30 m - 2hours

  • loss of corneal reflex
  • babinski response
  • flaccidity
  • sleepy, unresponsive
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8
Q

examples of epileptic encepalopathies

A

west
lennox g
dravet
otharra

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9
Q

age range for othara syndrome

tx of febrile seizure

A

usually around neonatal period most common first 10 days

most kids dont need tx
but buccal midazalma, rectal diazapam 0.5mg/kg

prophylaxis with oral diazapam 3 x a day during the fever if that doesnt work you can prophylactic with valproate

PHENOBARBITAL IS CRAP

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10
Q

most common benign focal epilepsy syndrome and second

A

rolandic and second is panaoutopooylase

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11
Q

rolandic features+ eeg + prognosis

A 
3- 10 years 
night time or upon awakening 
mainly affects facial area
DROOLING 
can't speak - but can hear and see etc
EEG- temporal spikes  
excellent prognosis
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12
Q

panoutopolous

A 
benign in nature like rolandic 
prolonged >30 mins
vomiting + pallor 
2-7 years 
characterised by autonomous symptoms

EEG- mainly occipital and can progress to rolandic in some cases

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13
Q

what makes a febrile seizure complicated

how does vitamin b6 link to seziures

A

> 15 mins
focal signs present
occurs multiple times within 1 febrile event
atructural abnormalities in brain

infnats can have them if they dont get enough through milk

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14
Q

time period for febrile seizure

simple partial seizure

tx of status EPILEPITUCS

A

6 m - 6 year but most common from 1-3

you are aware, motor symptoms prevalant , W/O auras , no automatisms present

FIRST LINE BEZOS

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15
Q

is there a risk for developing epilepsy in febrile seizures

A

uncomplicated: no

complicated - small chance around 6% ish

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16
Q

what drug is not effective for FS

drug in general for general seziures

drugs for partial seziures

A

Phenobarbital

VALPROATE

carbamazopine or lamotrigine

17
Q

what needs to be excluded for FS

A

neuroinfection

spasmophilia - rikets type

18
Q

if you suspect neuroinfection what age is absolutely mandatory for a LP

A

<12 months

19
Q

the most common cause of seizures in childhood

A

FS

20
Q

eeg for west syndome and age of development and offset

A

hyspassrthmia and around 4-8 m and offset 1-2 years

21
Q

treatment of west

A

vigabatrin, valproate, ACTH

CS

22
Q

triggers for west

A

when drowsy or immediately upon awakeing

23
Q

myoclonic juvanille epiepsy features

A

adolescents
requires life long medication
happens usually in morning
3 types of seizures 1. myoconic (hallmark) 2.abscence 3. generlaised tonic clonic

24
Q

GEFS - MCQ

A

AD

continuoation of FS even after 6 years
and seizures even when no fever
temproal lobe vibes

associated with dravet syndrome

treat with valproate and topimerare NO LAMTORIGINE

25
Q

cause of west

A

hie, tuberous slecorios, etc 90% there is as structural causes but some babies have a complete normal birth and it happens

26
Q

types os seizures in west

A

MYOCLONIC and a mixture of tonic seizures

27
Q

seizures of hypoglycaemia

which seizures commobly prestent with status epilepticus

A

give glucose 25% and calcium glcuonate

draveet and panaotopolous

28
Q

tx absence seizures

dravet syndome

A

ethosuximide

bad prognosis, developmental regression , common to have status epilepticus, usually starts in first year of life with febrile seizure but hten later they have seizures regardless of fever, associated with gene mutation in majorty of cases SC1NA

peds (26 decks)

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