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peds > cardio > Flashcards

cardio Flashcards

1
Q

R- L shunts

A

TOGA

TEtrolgy of fallout

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2
Q

patent ductus arterioles what category does it fall under

A

left to right shunt

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3
Q

normal urine output

A

1-3 ml/kg /hour

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4
Q

which category suffer from frequent pneumonias due to overload

A

L- R shunting

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5
Q

normal CT ratio in a newborn

A

no more than 0.6

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6
Q

normal Ejection fraction

A

> 60%

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7
Q

congenital pathologies presenting in neonatal period

A
  1. TOGA
  2. COA
  3. Hypoplastic left heart
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8
Q

fixed split S2 sound indicated

A

almost always indicated atrial septal defect this is when there is delay in the pulmonic valve closing

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9
Q

most common contentital hear defect

A

vSD

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10
Q

DIAGNOSIS of vid gold standard

A

TEE

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11
Q

common causes of murmurers in kids

A

heart defect
febrile
anemia

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12
Q

what’s more worrying diastolic/sytolidc murmur

A

diastolic

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13
Q

murmur that propagates to back

A

PSM PDA COA

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14
Q

radiates to neck

A

aortic stenosis

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15
Q

radiates to axilla

A

MR

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16
Q

How to differentiate between respiratory and cardiac pathology

A

hyperoxia tesT

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17
Q

PDA murmour

A

continuous rough like machine

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18
Q

rf for pda

A

PREMIES
RUBELLA
downs

19
Q

treatment pda

A

premies - indomethacin/ibuprofen to close it up

cardiac catheterisation + coil embolisation

surgery

20
Q

what Happens if you do not treat a PDA

A

lung problems and eisenmengers

21
Q

Common defect in downs

A

atrioventricular septal defect

22
Q

at What level do we see cyanosis

A

cyanosis if <85%

23
Q

most common cyanotic heart disease!

A

TOF

24
Q

TOF

A

Pulmonary valve stenosis/ atresia (less blood going to lungs )- this is leading one its the first thing that develops in fetal life
Overriding aorta -
RV hypertrophy
VSD

25
Q

boot shaped heart

A

TOF

26
Q

the shunt in fetal life is

A

R- L

27
Q

most common cyanotic disease is

A

TOF

28
Q

EGG ON A STRING

A

TOGA

29
Q

appearance of TOGA

A

from both or within the first few days

30
Q

complications of tOF

A

brain clots

meningitis

31
Q

causes of innocent murmurs

A

fever + anemia

32
Q

what effect can arrhythmia have on HR

A

can cause tachy or brady

33
Q

types of cardiomyopathies

A
  1. dilated - most common
  2. hypertonic
    3 restrictive - prevents fillin
34
Q

where is the most common location of coarctation of the aorta

A

after it has given off its beaches to the upper body

35
Q

main difference between paediatric coarctation and adult and main symptoms

A

in children occurs before the ductus and in adults occurs after. symptom in children is colour discrepancy and mean children and adults is hypertension

36
Q

is contraction cyanotic

A

acyanotic (lecture)

37
Q

murmur of VSD

A

PANSYTOLIC AND LEFT STERNAL BORDER

38
Q

gold standard VSD

A

TEE

39
Q

findings VSD

A

LOUD P2

40
Q

Why are people with congenital heart disease are increased risk of developing brain abscess

A

People with cyanotic congenital heart disease are at risk of developing brain abscess. Intracardiac right‐to‐left shunt bypass, by which blood is not filtered through pulmonary circulation where bacteria are intercepted by phagocytosis, may allow direct entry to cerebral circulation. In addition, decreased arterial oxygenation can result in compensatory polycythemia. Increased blood viscosity can cause a focal area of ischemia that serves as a nidus for infection.

41
Q

complications of TOF

A

tet spells
meningits
cerebral sinus thrombosis

42
Q

when are tet spells common

A

2-6 months

43
Q

signs of Rheumaric fever and name of criteria

A

CARDITIS
s.c nodules
chorea- can come months later
artrritis
erythema marginatum

johnes

peds (26 decks)

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