Section 7 - Storage Devices Flashcards
Define Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
Form of non-volatile mass storage device, that holds the data when the system is powered off
Define internal device
device that is placed inside the computer case or tower
Define external device
Device that is placed outside the computer case or towered connected to an external port
What are 2.5” drive and 3.5” drives reserved for
Internal HDDs and SSDs
What is the 5.25” drive reserved for
Optical drives, backup tape drives, and floppy disc drives
What can we use to put a smaller device into a larger bay
An adapter
Explain seeking or retrieving data in terms of hardware
Movement of the actuator and the read/write head to read the data
What is the measurement used for the speed of the actuator
Revolutions per minute (RPM)
5400 RPM
Slowest model, budget/low end pc
7200 RPM
Modern computers, faster performance
10,000 RPM
Higher performance drives, gaming PCs
15,000 RPM
Highest RPM and highest cost, but provides excellent performance, at this point you may aswell just get an SSD
Explain Buffer Size
Internal buffer or cache on a hard disk drive (8mb to 256mb)
Small computer system interface (SCSI)
Supports either 7 or 15 devices in a daisy chain
To configure a device what can you use
Jumper block / Selector switches
Narrow SCSI max speed
40Mbps
Wide SCSI max speed
320Mbps
When deciding whether to get an SSD or a HDD, what 3 factors must you keep in mind
Cost, performance, capacity
What does SSD use (solid state drive)
flash memory technology to implement mass storage
when would a 2.5” ssd be used
when replacing a HDD inside of a laptop or small computer
What are 1.8” ssd used by
small laptops
What is a M2 SSD
like a memory chip, small, sleek and light to use in a laptop
What do the older SSDs rely on
SATA Connectors (7+15 pin SATA)
Which size SSDs rely on SATA connections
2.5” or 1.8”
2.5” or 1.8” SSDS rely on what what connection
SATA connections
What does an mSATA allow for
the SSD to be used as an adapter card that can be plugged into a combined data and power port on the motherboard
What are m2 SSDs faster than (excluding HDDs)
SATA
What is non-volatile memory express (NVMe)
A communication protocol used with the M2 form factor to plug directly into the motherboard
What is Redundant array of independent disks (RAID)
Combination of multiple physical hard disks that is recognised by the operating system
what is the name for the Combination of multiple physical hard disks that is recognised by the operating system
Redundant array of independent disks
With RAID 0, what word should we always remember and expand
STRIPING, disks working together all data evenly distributed, e.g. values we have : a, b, c, d
Disk 1 would contain a, c & Disk 2 would contain b, d
What is RAID 0 great and bad for
Great for speed but provides no redundancy (if 1 disks fails then half of data is gone, which means that none of it can be read.)
In terms of storage what is advantage of RAID 0
No loss of space
What words do we need to remember with RAID 1
Mirroring and redundancy, everything that is on disk 0 is also on disk 1
What’s an advantage and a disadvantage of RAID 1
Provides full redundancy, total storage is /2
When talking about RAID 5, what words do we need to remember
Redundancy and Parity
What % of storage is taken up with RAID 5
33%
How does RAID 5 work to prevent data loss in the case of one of the disks failing
We have 3 disks, one of which will be used to contain the result and the other two to calculate it. If one disk fails then we either the data to calculate the result or we have the result itself with the other disk containing half the calculation.
What do the BP,CP,DP refer to
parity
What words must we remember with RAID 6
striping and dual parity
Explain RAID 6
RAID 6 is just like RAID 5(redundancy through parity), however with 6 you have double parity
In terms of RAID 10, what 2 words must you remember, whats the minmum
Mirroring and Striping, 4
What is failure resistance
protection against the loss of erased data (RAID1&5)
What is fault tolerance
the ability to function even when a component fails (RAID 1,5,6)
what is disaster tolerance
RAID with 2 independent zones with full data access (10)
What do RAID provide
Redundancy and high availability
What does Hot-swappable mean
Capable of being removed or replaced without disruption or powering off the device
Which storage devices have the hot-swappable function
USB, Thunderbolt, eSATA
What function is referred to when talking about removing storage device without losing the data
Hot-Swappable
Hot-swapping is only possible with SATA if you enable what
Advanced host controller interface (AHCI)
Define Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI)
Standard of talking with drives developed by intel that allows hot-swappable capability with SATA devices
What was developed as a replacement for PATA as an internal connector
SATA
What speeds do the newer versions of USB have?
10,20,40 Gbps
WHat is drive enclosure
Takes an internal hard drive and puts it in an enclosure
Whats the capacity on the original secure digital (SD) card
2Gigabytes
Original SD card max speed
25MB/s
UHS-1 max speed
108 MB/s
UHS-2 max speed
312 MB/s
UHS-3 max speed
624 MB/s
With SD cards why may you need a UHS-3 as opposed to an original
If you’re recording a high quality, 4k video then you’ll need a higher max speed, however if you’re solely doing an audio recording then original 25 MB/s will be ok
What does a tape drive use and how is it interpreted when reading
a magnetic tape and is placed into a reader
Why can tape drives be great
Because you can ship off the tape for an offsite backup of data
What are tape drives being replaced by
The cloud
How much data can a standard tape hold
140 GB data
LTO Ultrium tape max size
3 TB data
How much data can a standard floppy disk hold
1.44 MB
What is a removable mass storage device
any device that can store data and can be carried e.g. external hard drives, tapes, thumb drives
What does CD stand for
Compact Disc
What does DVD stand for
Digital versatile disc
What does BD stand for
Blu-ray disc
Define CD (compact disc)
Oldest form of optical drive that stores 650-700 MB
DVD (digital versatile disc) storage amount
Stores 4.7 GB or 8.4 GB (DL - dual layer)
BD (blu-ray disc) max size + bigger
Stores 25 GB or 50 GB (DL - dual layer)
When talking about discs, what edit types are there?
Read only (ROM), Write once (R), Write-many/Erasable (RW/RAM/RE)
What function do CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or BD-ROM have
Read only
Define Write-once (R)
Writing that cannot be erased (CD-R, DVD-R, DVD+R, BD-R
What does CD-RW allow us to do
write and erase the file to create a new one
What are the 3 competing DVD technologies?
DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM
What are optical drive speeds measured by
X-rating (multiplier e.g. 1x = 150KB/s 10x = 1500KB/s)
What are the base speeds for CD, DVD, Blue-ray
150 KB/s, 1.385 MB/s, 4.5 MB/s
How would you calculate Blu-Ray at 10x on x rating
4.5 MB/s x 10 = 45MB/s
When installing power LED and Switch onto the motherboard what is recommended and why
Look at the motherboard’s specification manual as each one is different
