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A+ Sections 1-27 1011 > Section 7 - Storage Devices > Flashcards

Section 7 - Storage Devices Flashcards

1
Q

Define Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

A

Form of non-volatile mass storage device, that holds the data when the system is powered off

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2
Q

Define internal device

A

device that is placed inside the computer case or tower

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3
Q

Define external device

A

Device that is placed outside the computer case or towered connected to an external port

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4
Q

What are 2.5” drive and 3.5” drives reserved for

A

Internal HDDs and SSDs

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5
Q

What is the 5.25” drive reserved for

A

Optical drives, backup tape drives, and floppy disc drives

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6
Q

What can we use to put a smaller device into a larger bay

A

An adapter

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7
Q

Explain seeking or retrieving data in terms of hardware

A

Movement of the actuator and the read/write head to read the data

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8
Q

What is the measurement used for the speed of the actuator

A

Revolutions per minute (RPM)

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9
Q

5400 RPM

A

Slowest model, budget/low end pc

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10
Q

7200 RPM

A

Modern computers, faster performance

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11
Q

10,000 RPM

A

Higher performance drives, gaming PCs

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12
Q

15,000 RPM

A

Highest RPM and highest cost, but provides excellent performance, at this point you may aswell just get an SSD

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13
Q

Explain Buffer Size

A

Internal buffer or cache on a hard disk drive (8mb to 256mb)

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14
Q

Small computer system interface (SCSI)

A

Supports either 7 or 15 devices in a daisy chain

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15
Q

To configure a device what can you use

A

Jumper block / Selector switches

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16
Q

Narrow SCSI max speed

A

40Mbps

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17
Q

Wide SCSI max speed

A

320Mbps

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18
Q

When deciding whether to get an SSD or a HDD, what 3 factors must you keep in mind

A

Cost, performance, capacity

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19
Q

What does SSD use (solid state drive)

A

flash memory technology to implement mass storage

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20
Q

when would a 2.5” ssd be used

A

when replacing a HDD inside of a laptop or small computer

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21
Q

What are 1.8” ssd used by

A

small laptops

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22
Q

What is a M2 SSD

A

like a memory chip, small, sleek and light to use in a laptop

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23
Q

What do the older SSDs rely on

A

SATA Connectors (7+15 pin SATA)

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24
Q

Which size SSDs rely on SATA connections

A

2.5” or 1.8”

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25
Q

2.5” or 1.8” SSDS rely on what what connection

A

SATA connections

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26
Q

What does an mSATA allow for

A

the SSD to be used as an adapter card that can be plugged into a combined data and power port on the motherboard

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27
Q

What are m2 SSDs faster than (excluding HDDs)

A

SATA

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28
Q

What is non-volatile memory express (NVMe)

A

A communication protocol used with the M2 form factor to plug directly into the motherboard

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29
Q

What is Redundant array of independent disks (RAID)

A

Combination of multiple physical hard disks that is recognised by the operating system

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30
Q

what is the name for the Combination of multiple physical hard disks that is recognised by the operating system

A

Redundant array of independent disks

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31
Q

With RAID 0, what word should we always remember and expand

A

STRIPING, disks working together all data evenly distributed, e.g. values we have : a, b, c, d
Disk 1 would contain a, c & Disk 2 would contain b, d

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32
Q

What is RAID 0 great and bad for

A

Great for speed but provides no redundancy (if 1 disks fails then half of data is gone, which means that none of it can be read.)

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33
Q

In terms of storage what is advantage of RAID 0

A

No loss of space

34
Q

What words do we need to remember with RAID 1

A

Mirroring and redundancy, everything that is on disk 0 is also on disk 1

35
Q

What’s an advantage and a disadvantage of RAID 1

A

Provides full redundancy, total storage is /2

36
Q

When talking about RAID 5, what words do we need to remember

A

Redundancy and Parity

37
Q

What % of storage is taken up with RAID 5

A

33%

38
Q

How does RAID 5 work to prevent data loss in the case of one of the disks failing

A

We have 3 disks, one of which will be used to contain the result and the other two to calculate it. If one disk fails then we either the data to calculate the result or we have the result itself with the other disk containing half the calculation.

39
Q

What do the BP,CP,DP refer to

A

parity

40
Q

What words must we remember with RAID 6

A

striping and dual parity

41
Q

Explain RAID 6

A

RAID 6 is just like RAID 5(redundancy through parity), however with 6 you have double parity

42
Q

In terms of RAID 10, what 2 words must you remember, whats the minmum

A

Mirroring and Striping, 4

43
Q

What is failure resistance

A

protection against the loss of erased data (RAID1&5)

44
Q

What is fault tolerance

A

the ability to function even when a component fails (RAID 1,5,6)

45
Q

what is disaster tolerance

A

RAID with 2 independent zones with full data access (10)

46
Q

What do RAID provide

A

Redundancy and high availability

47
Q

What does Hot-swappable mean

A

Capable of being removed or replaced without disruption or powering off the device

48
Q

Which storage devices have the hot-swappable function

A

USB, Thunderbolt, eSATA

49
Q

What function is referred to when talking about removing storage device without losing the data

A

Hot-Swappable

50
Q

Hot-swapping is only possible with SATA if you enable what

A

Advanced host controller interface (AHCI)

51
Q

Define Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI)

A

Standard of talking with drives developed by intel that allows hot-swappable capability with SATA devices

52
Q

What was developed as a replacement for PATA as an internal connector

A

SATA

53
Q

What speeds do the newer versions of USB have?

A

10,20,40 Gbps

54
Q

WHat is drive enclosure

A

Takes an internal hard drive and puts it in an enclosure

55
Q

Whats the capacity on the original secure digital (SD) card

A

2Gigabytes

56
Q

Original SD card max speed

A

25MB/s

57
Q

UHS-1 max speed

A

108 MB/s

58
Q

UHS-2 max speed

A

312 MB/s

59
Q

UHS-3 max speed

A

624 MB/s

60
Q

With SD cards why may you need a UHS-3 as opposed to an original

A

If you’re recording a high quality, 4k video then you’ll need a higher max speed, however if you’re solely doing an audio recording then original 25 MB/s will be ok

61
Q

What does a tape drive use and how is it interpreted when reading

A

a magnetic tape and is placed into a reader

62
Q

Why can tape drives be great

A

Because you can ship off the tape for an offsite backup of data

63
Q

What are tape drives being replaced by

A

The cloud

64
Q

How much data can a standard tape hold

A

140 GB data

65
Q

LTO Ultrium tape max size

A

3 TB data

66
Q

How much data can a standard floppy disk hold

A

1.44 MB

67
Q

What is a removable mass storage device

A

any device that can store data and can be carried e.g. external hard drives, tapes, thumb drives

68
Q

What does CD stand for

A

Compact Disc

69
Q

What does DVD stand for

A

Digital versatile disc

70
Q

What does BD stand for

A

Blu-ray disc

71
Q

Define CD (compact disc)

A

Oldest form of optical drive that stores 650-700 MB

72
Q

DVD (digital versatile disc) storage amount

A

Stores 4.7 GB or 8.4 GB (DL - dual layer)

73
Q

BD (blu-ray disc) max size + bigger

A

Stores 25 GB or 50 GB (DL - dual layer)

74
Q

When talking about discs, what edit types are there?

A

Read only (ROM), Write once (R), Write-many/Erasable (RW/RAM/RE)

75
Q

What function do CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or BD-ROM have

A

Read only

76
Q

Define Write-once (R)

A

Writing that cannot be erased (CD-R, DVD-R, DVD+R, BD-R

77
Q

What does CD-RW allow us to do

A

write and erase the file to create a new one

78
Q

What are the 3 competing DVD technologies?

A

DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM

79
Q

What are optical drive speeds measured by

A

X-rating (multiplier e.g. 1x = 150KB/s 10x = 1500KB/s)

80
Q

What are the base speeds for CD, DVD, Blue-ray

A

150 KB/s, 1.385 MB/s, 4.5 MB/s

81
Q

How would you calculate Blu-Ray at 10x on x rating

A

4.5 MB/s x 10 = 45MB/s

82
Q

When installing power LED and Switch onto the motherboard what is recommended and why

A

Look at the motherboard’s specification manual as each one is different

A+ Sections 1-27 1011 (27 decks)

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