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A+ Sections 1-27 1011 > Section 3 - Motherboard > Flashcards

Section 3 - Motherboard Flashcards

1
Q

Motherboard

A

Printed circuit board that contains computer components and provides connectors

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2
Q

What is input

A

Process of accepting data in a form that the computer can use

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3
Q

What is output

A

Process of displaying the processed data or information

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4
Q

What is processing

A

Action performed by the CPU when receiving information

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5
Q

Which components are in charge of processing

A

GPU or CPU

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6
Q

What is storage

A

Process of saving or retaining digital data, temporarily or permanently

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7
Q

What is temporary storage also known as and why

A

Non-persistant because the data will be lose after the pc is turned off

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8
Q

What is permanent storage also known as and why

A

Persistant because the data will be kept after the PC is turned off

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9
Q

What is data transferred across the motherboard measured in, in terms of speed

A

MHz, GHz

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10
Q

In terms of speed, describe non-volatile storage

A

Speed decreases rapidly, MHz

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11
Q

In terms of speed, describe volatile storage

A

Speed is fast, GHz

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12
Q

What does form factor describe

A

Its shape, layout and type of case and power supply that will be used by system

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13
Q

form factors for motherboards

A

ATX, Mini-ATX, Micro-ATX

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14
Q

Explain ATX

A

Advanced Technology eXtended, Full-size motherboard, measures 12’’ x 9.6’’ in size

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15
Q

Explain Mini-ATX

A

Smaller than ATX with same features 11.2’’ x 8.2’’ - not very common

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16
Q

Explain Micro-ATX

A

9.6’’ x 9.6’’ - 4 expansion card slots

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17
Q

Explain ITX

A

Designed as a replacement for the ATX but never produced

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18
Q

Mini-ITX

A

Measures 6.7’’ x 6.7’’ with 1 expansion slot - Small cases, very common in small form factor PCs

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19
Q

3 other form factors of ITX

A

Nano-ITX, Pico-ITX, Mobile-ITX

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20
Q

Explain the x86 architecture (aka IA-32)

A

Developed by intel with an 8-bit,16-bit and up to 32-bit instruction set

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21
Q

Explain x64

A

Supports 64-bit instruction set

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22
Q

Explain the x86 limitation in terms of ram

A

allows for a max of 4GB of RAM

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23
Q

Explain 32 and 64 bit systems in terms of the programs they can run

A

64-bit can run 32 & 64 bit programs however 32-bit systems can only run 32-bit programs

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24
Q

What is Advanced RISC Machine (ARM) used for

A

Used for low-power devices (tablets and cell phones)

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25
Q

Advantages of ARM/RISC systems

A

Less power consumption and produces less heat

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26
Q

Explain RISC/ARM in terms of completing tasks

A

They use code to perform tasks

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27
Q

What is a Zero Insertion Force (ZIF) Mechanism

A

Involves inserting the CPU without pressing down and applying any pressure

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28
Q

Explain LGA (Land Grid Array by Intel)

A

Form factor socket that positions all the pins on the motherboard to connect into the holes of the CPU

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29
Q

Explain PGA (Pin Grid Array by AMD)

A

Form factor where the processor has the pins and socket has the holes

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30
Q

Explain the deal with motherboard sockets

A

A single socket arch on desktop motherboard can only support one physical processor

31
Q

What does multi socket mean in terms of motherboards

A

Multiple CPUs or processors can be installed on the motherboard

32
Q

What’s the difference when talking about processors on Desktops and Mobiles

A

A mobile tends to have its processor soldered in

33
Q

Explain Simultaneous Multithreading(SMT)/Hyper-Threading

A

Single stream of instructions sent by the application rather than multiple, increasing overall efficiency

34
Q

What are 2 features that CPUs have for accelerated processing

A

SMT(Simultaneous Multi-Threading), SMP (Symmetric Multi-Processing)

35
Q

Explain Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP)

A

Traditional workstation and servers have multiple processors

36
Q

What is a multi-core processors

A

Single CPU with multiple processors inside

37
Q

Explain Hexa-Core processor

A

Six CPUs inside a single chip

38
Q

What are Intel’s and AMD’s names for Virtualisation?

A

Intel: VT & AMD: AMD-V

39
Q

What do VT & AMD-V allow for

A

Processor extensions to support virtualisation

40
Q

What does virtualisation allow for

A

the capacity to run multiple systems on a single physical host

41
Q

What’s the second level of virtualisation used by AMD and INTEL

A

Intel: Extended page table (EPT) & AMD: Rapid virtualisation indexing (RVI)

42
Q

What are the steps involved in installing a new motherboard

A

1)Review the specs of the motherboard, 2)Position the motherboard so its in line with the port cluster on the back of the case, 3)Insert the standoffs to match the hole location for the motherboard 4) Install the processor and memory modules before installing the motherboard 5) Verify the standoffs are properly aligned prior to installing the motherboard 6) Secure the standoffs using the correct screw type 7) Install the PSU, Disk drive, add-on cards and other components

43
Q

What are the 2 main types of express card ports

A

PCIe (PCI Express) & Mini PCIe (Mini PCI Express)

44
Q

PCI

A

32-bit expansion card

45
Q

Max MHz of a PCI 32-bit card

A

33 MHz / 133 MBps

46
Q

PCI-X 64-bit Max MHZ

A

133 MHz

47
Q

PCI-X 2.0 Max MHz

A

266 up to 533 MHz

48
Q

What was a problem with PCI-X

A

As it was backwards compatible, this meant that it would actually need to drop its MHz if it was matched with a PCI card with a speed of 33MHz to support the older bys

49
Q

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

A

used for video graphics cards

50
Q

AGP flavours

A

1x, 2x, 4x, 8x

51
Q

What did PCI Express replace

A

PCI, PCI-X, AGP

52
Q

PCIe Flavours

A

x1, x4, x8, x16

53
Q

What is PCIe x1 used for

A

modems, network cards, wireless cards, input/output devices, audio cards

54
Q

What is PCIe x16 used for

A

Graphics cards

55
Q

What does a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) do

A

Connects to the bus to get data to and from the motherboard for external devices

56
Q

How many watts of power are provided by PCIe slots

A

25 watts

57
Q

How many watts of power can be supplied by a x16 PCIe slot

A

75 watts

57
Q

In terms of x, which PCIe’s are most common

A

x1 and x16

58
Q

What is up-plugging

A

Putting smaller card in a larger slot e.g. network card into an x16 PCIe slot

59
Q

What is down-plugging

A

Putting larger card in a smaller slot

60
Q

What is a Mini PCIe

A

Standard PCIe card with smaller form factor

61
Q

How do you know if you’ve correctly plugged in your card into the x16 slot

A

After lining it up and pressing it down, you will hear a click

62
Q

What are video capture cards used for

A

Recording footage and for security devices

63
Q

What does a Video Card/Graphic Adapter do in term of displays

A

Gives quality signal for monitors

64
Q

What is a GPU

A

A specialised processor designed to accelerate graphics rendering

65
Q

What does High Speed Memory do

A

Embeds the memory to give additional capability to offload from the system

66
Q

What Graphical Ports exists

A

Thunderbolt, DisplayPort, HDMI

67
Q

What does a Video Capture Card do

A

Takes video signals and process them inside the computer

68
Q

What does a TV Capture Card do

A

Allows you to get all cable TV channels through plugging in cables into the bac of the computer

69
Q

What does a Sound/Audio card do

A

Allows for better output through audio, not very common as most motherboards have 1 embedded

70
Q

What does a Network Interface Card do (NIC)

A

Allows for cabled network connection (RJ45 connector) with 1Gbps

71
Q

What do you need to do with your NIC for 10Gbps

A

Plug it into the x1 PCIe slot

72
Q

What connector do you need for fibre optic

A

ST / SC / MT-RJ Connector

73
Q

What is a Riser Card

A

Special type of expansion card on a motherboard, allows you to plug in cards horizontally. An adaptation as a result of the case’s form factor

A+ Sections 1-27 1011 (27 decks)

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