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A+ Sections 1-27 1011 > Section 10 - Networking Basics > Flashcards

Section 10 - Networking Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of networks

A

To make connections between machines

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2
Q

What does a hub have, what it is it the predecessor to

A

Has a number of different ports, generally between 4 and 48 ports, switches

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3
Q

What mode do hubs function in

A

Broadcast mode

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4
Q

What is a switch

A

Smart hub that can remember the ports that are connected to them, usually 4-48 ports

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5
Q

Name a benefit of switches

A

They can have multiple devices talking at one time

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6
Q

What categories of switches exist

A

Managed & unmanaged

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7
Q

Define unmanaged switch

A

Performs its functions without requiring a configuration

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8
Q

Define managed switch

A

Allows for configuration of extra options, works the same as an unmanaged until it receives config

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9
Q

Define Wireless access point

A

Device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network

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10
Q

Function of routers

A

Used to connect different network together

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11
Q

function of firewall

A

Scans and blocks traffic that enters or leaves a network

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12
Q

Name an alternative to firewalls, what does it contain

A

Unified threat management (UTM) firewall features

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13
Q

Define patch panel

A

Device that allows cable network jacks from a wall into a central area

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14
Q

Function of Power over ethernet (PoE)

A

Supplies electrical power from a switch port over an ordinary data cable to a power device

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15
Q

Variants of PoE

A

802.3af, 802.3at, 802.3bt

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16
Q

Explain 802.3af

A

Allows the least amount of power to be drawn (13W), oldest

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17
Q

Explain 802.3at and its other name

A

Allows power devices to draw up to 25W (PoE+)

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18
Q

Explain 802.3bt and its other name

A

used to supply power of up to 51W (Type 3) or 73W (Type 4) (PoE++)

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19
Q

What do you need to use PoE

A

Switch that allows for it, proper cabling (cat6 and above), power device to use the data and power coming from the ethernet cable

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20
Q

What do you if your switch doesn’t allow for PoE

A

A power injector

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21
Q

Power injector function

A

Plugs into wall outlet to get power

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22
Q

Define cable modem

A

device that translates coaxial cable signals into radio frequency waves

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23
Q

Define Digital Subscriber Line (DSL Modem)

A

Device that translates coaxial cable signals into phone lines

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24
Q

Define Optical Network Terminal (ONT)

A

Terminates Fiber connection

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25
Q

Define Software defined networking (SDN)

A

Way of virtualising the network hardware

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26
Q

Define Personal Area Network (PAN)

A

Smallest type of wired or wireless network and covers the least amount of area e.g. bluetooth, USB connections

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27
Q

Define Local area network

A

Connects components within a short distance e.g. Cafe WI-FI, home WI-FI

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28
Q

With ethernet what standard are you going to be using

A

IEEE 802.3

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29
Q

With WI-FI what standard are you going to be using

A

IEEE 802.11

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30
Q

Define Campus Area Network (CAN)

A

Connects LANs that are building-centric across a university, industrial park, or business parks

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31
Q

Define Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), max distance

A

Connects scattered locations across a city/metro area. Up to around 25 miles

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32
Q

Define Wide Area Network (WAN)

A

Connects geographically disparate internal networks and consists of leased lines or VPNs e.g. Internet

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33
Q

Define Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

A

A method of connecting 2 or more devices together to create a network through wireless frequencies

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34
Q

Define Storage Area Network (SAN)

A

A method of allowing access to additional or less storage to servers through the use of a central storage area

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35
Q

What do SANs usually use for data transportation

A

Internet SCSI (iSCSI), Fibre Channel (FC)

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36
Q

Define Small Office, Home office (SoHo) LAN

A

uses a centralised server or simply provides client access to local devices like printers file storage or connection to internet

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37
Q

Define IoT

A

A global network of appliances and personal devices that have been equipped with sensors, software and network connectivity to report state and config e.g. Doorbell cameras

38
Q

In terms of devices and business networks what is considered against best practice

A

Placing IoT systems on the business network

39
Q

In terms of devices and business networks what is considered best practice

A

Placing IoT devices separate and segmented off from the main business network

40
Q

What is critically important for the safety of business networks in regard to IoT devices

A

Segregation

41
Q

What must you consider when configuring an IP video system

A

Quality of service, bandwidth, upfront cost

42
Q

What categories of IoT devices are there

A

Hub and control system, Smart devices, wearables, sensors

43
Q

Common network cable into laptop/desktop

A

Copper twisted cable, UTP

44
Q

define Copper twisted cable

A

8 individual insulated copper cables twisted into pairs

45
Q

2 types of twisted pair cable

A

UTP, STP

46
Q

What is UTP

A

Unshielded twisted pair

47
Q

What is STP

A

Shielded twisted pair

48
Q

Difference with STP

A

Each pair is wrapped with metal foil and braided metallic shield wrapping. Reduces EMI (electro magnetic interference)

49
Q

2 RJ connectors uses with twisted pair cables

A

RJ45, RJ11

50
Q

What does RJ stand for

A

Registered Jack

51
Q

What is RJ’s Function

A

carries voice or data which specifies the standards a device needs to meet in order to connect to the phone or data network

52
Q

What are RJ45 and RJ11 used for

A

RJ45 is used for data network, RJ11 is used for phone networks

53
Q

What is bandwidth

A

Theoretical measure of how much data could be transferred from a source to its destination

54
Q

What is throughput

A

The actual measure of how much data is successfully transferred from its source to its destination

55
Q

Define ethernet standard

A

A specific role given to a particular category that provides the ability to understand the bandwidth and the cable type to be used

56
Q

What’s a recommendation for cable length in the office

A

Keep cable runs under 70 metres from the IDF to the office

57
Q

Define Straight-through-cable (patch cable)

A

Contains the exact same pinouts on both ends of the cable

58
Q

Purpose of 568B Standard

A

Preferred when wiring jacks inside building

59
Q

Define crossover cable

A

Swaps the send and receive pins on the other end of the cable when the connector and its pinout are crushed

60
Q

Define Medium dependant interference crossover (MDIX)

A

An automated way to electronically simulate using a crossover cable

61
Q

IF your switch doesn’t support MDIX what do you need to use

A

A crossover cable

62
Q

Define Burial Cable

A

A cable rating that specifies that a cable has a stronger sheathing and jacket that can withstand more extreme weather conditions

63
Q

Define Plenum Cable

A

A special coating put on a UTP or an STP cable that provides a fire-retardant chemical layer to the outer insulating jacket

64
Q

What are plenum cables used for

A

ceilings, walls, raised floors or air ducts. Anywhere you cant see

65
Q

Define Fibre Optic Cable

A

Uses light from an LED or laser to transmit information through a thin glass fibre, great for long distances

66
Q

Benefits of optic cables

A

Greater usable range, Greater data capacity

67
Q

When using optic cables, what tends to be the limitation

A

Switches, routers and end-user devices

68
Q

Draw backs of fibre optic cables

A

Expensive, Difficult to work with

69
Q

2 categories of fibre optic cables

A

Single mode, multimode

70
Q

Define Single Mode Fibre (SMF)

A

Uses for longer distances and have smaller core sizes which allow for only a single mode of travel for the light signal

71
Q

Define multimode Fibre (MMF)

A

Used for short distances and has larger core size which allow for multiple modes of travel for the light signal

72
Q

IF the fibre cable has a yellow sheath which type is it

A

SMF

73
Q

IF the fibre cable has a aqua blue sheath which type is it

A

MMF

74
Q

Type of fibre optic connectors

A

SC - subscriber connector(stick and click)
ST - Straight tip connector (Stick and twist)
LC - Lucent connector (love connector)
MTRJ - Mechanical transfer registered jack

75
Q

Define coaxial cable (Coax)

A

One of the oldest categories of copper media that is still used in networking today

76
Q

What are the two most common types of coxial cable connectors

A

F-type (screw on), BNC

77
Q

Define twinaxial cable

A

Similar to coaxial cable but uses 2 inner conductors to carry the data instead of just one, up to 10gigabits/s (not common)

78
Q

Function of snip/cutter

A

Used to cut a piece of cable off a larger spool or run of cable

79
Q

Function of cable stripper

A

Used to strip off the end of the cable and prepare it for attachment to a connector

80
Q

Function of cable crimper

A

Used to attach the connector to the end of the cable

81
Q

Function of cable tester

A

Used to verify the continuity of each of the 8 individual wires inside of the twisted pair cable

82
Q

Function of wire mapping tool

A

Works like a cable tester, but specifically for twisted pair ethernet cables

83
Q

Function of cable certifier

A

Used to determine a cable’s category or data throughput

84
Q

Define punch-down block

A

Terminates the wires and strips off excess installation and extra wires that are no longer needed

85
Q

Define loopback adapter/device

A

Facilitates the testing of the simple networking issues

86
Q

Define tone generator/toner probe

A

Used to generate a tone on the end of the connection and use the probe to audibly detect the wire connected on the other side

87
Q

Function of Tap

A

Connects directly to the cable infrastructure and splits or copies those packet for analysis, security, or general network management

88
Q

Function of wireless analyser

A

Ensures proper coverage and prevents overlap between WAP coverage zones and channels

89
Q

When making cables what MUSTN’T WE DO

A

go over 100 Metres

90
Q

Why would you use the toner probe

A

Used to find which port is tied to the patch panel, most networks aren’t set up very well

A+ Sections 1-27 1011 (27 decks)

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