Section 18.171 Operating System Vulnerabilities

Question 1

Operating Systems

Answer 1

Operating systems are essential in the functioning and protection of our digital services because they bridge the gap betrween hardware and software so seamless actions can occur

Question 2

Operating System Vulnerabilities

Unpatched Systems

Answer 2

Operating systems that have not been updated with the latest security patches or fixes

■ To mitigate unpatched system vulnerabilities, ensure regular system updates and patches, either automatically or manually

Question 3

Operating System Vulnerabilities

Zero-Day Vulnerabilities

Answer 3

Unknown vulnerabilities to developers and attackers

■ Security solutions like host-based intrusion prevention systems (IPS) can help detect and block suspicious activities

■ Frequent system and software updates provide additional defense against potential zero-day exploits

Question 4

Operating System Vulnerabilities

Misconfigurations

Answer 4

Occurs when system settings are improperly configured

■ Standardize and automate configuration processes with configuration management tools

■ Conduct periodic audits and reviews to identify and mitigate vulnerabilities due
to misconfigurations

Question 5

Operating System Vulnerabilities

Data Exfiltration

Answer 5

Involves unauthorized data transfers from an organization to an external location

■ Protect against data exfiltration with encryption for data at rest and endpoint protection tools

■ Endpoint protection tools can monitor and restrict unauthorized data transfers

Question 6

Operating System Vulnerabilities

Malicious Updates

Answer 6

Appear as legitimate security updates but contain malware or exploits

■ Source updates from trusted vendors and official channels

■ Maintain application allow lists, verify update authenticity with digital signatures and hashes