Second Semester Exam Flashcards
Regulates the heart and diameter of blood vessels
Cardiovascular center functions
Coordinates walking, balance, and the ability to speak understandably
Cerebellum functions
the outer layer of the cerebrum
Cerebral cortex
Contains; nutrients, serves as a shock absorber, contains white blood cells to fight infections
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) functions
Ridges that make up the surface of the cerebrum
Gyrus
Olfactory relay, controls your body temp., tells your bday when it’s hungry/thirsty
Hypothalamus functions
Basic emotions
Lambic system functions
3 connective tissue membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Meninges
Reflex arc structure that transmits the impulse to a muscle or gland
Motor neuron
Acts like a bridge connecting the spinal cord and medulla to upper portions of the brain
Pons functions
A simple, fast, predictable automatic response to help protect the body
Reflex arc
Reflex arc structure that passes the impulse from the receptors to the CNS
Sensory neuron
Brain cavities where cerebrospinal fluid circulates
Ventricles of the brain
Process that adjust the lens for near Vision
Accommodation
Response for Vision in bright light
Cones
Thin transparent mucous membrane covering the anterior of the eye and lining of the eyelids
Conjunctiva
Where does most of our reflection occur?
Cornea
Structure that helps equalize air pressure on tympanic membrane
Eustachian tube
Depression in the macula containing only cones
Fovea
Farsightedness
Hyperopia
Colored part of the eye
Iris
The equilibrium apparatus concerned with maintaining posture
Maculae
Nearsightedness
Myopia
Responsible for vision in bright light
Rods
Structure commonly knowing as the “white” of the eye
Sclera
The stricter(s) for dynamic (motion) equilibrium
Semicircular canals
A constant ringing in the ears
Tinnitis
Sound waves directly cause what structure to vibrate
Tympanic membrane
Antibody of blood
None
Antigen of blood
A, B
Blood functions
Transportation, regulation, protection
Materials transported by blood
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste, heat, hormones
Neutrophil functions
Appendicitis or an acute infection will cause a rapid increase in WBC
Plasma
A plasma protein important in maintaining the blood Viscosity/liquid part of the blood
Plasma composition by percent
92% is plasma
Not truly cells but fragments of cells
Platelets
Where does the formation of most blood cells occur
Red bone marrow
AB blood characteristics
Universal recipients
Type O blood characteristics
Universal donors
Type A
Antigen- A
Antibodies- B
can donate- A, AB
Can receive- A, O
Type B
Antigen- B
Antibodies- A
Can donate- B, AB
Can receive- B, O
Type AB
Antigen- A, B
Antibodies- None
Can donate- AB
Can receive- All
Type O
Antigen- None
Antibodies- Anti- A, B
Can donate- All
Can receive- O
Also known as red blood cells
Erythrocytes
Includes 2 subcategories: gradual, and agranular also known as white blood cells
Leukocytes
Heart rate is monitored and regulated by this structure
Cardiovascular center functions
The heart speeds up when we stand up quickly due to receptors here that detect blood pressure
Carotid artery receptors
Narrowing of the coronary arteries reducing blood flow to the heart; has a number of causes and is the leading cause of death in the U.S
Coronary artery disease
Circulation of blood through the heart muscle is supplied by the ___ circulation
Coronary circulation
Heart chamber contraction sequence
Atria contracts then ventricles
Improper closing of the valves cause ___
Heart murmur
The action of valves closing causes audible ___
Heart sounds
Left ventricle
Thickest walled chamber of the heart
Chamber that pumps blood to the aorta
Cardia muscle is known as ___
Myocardium
Pulmonary circulation
Blood is pumped from the ventricles to the lungs
the heart beat originates in this mass of tissue
SA node
Sending blood internal organs/all other parts of the body
Systemic circulation
The term describing heart chamber contraction is ____
Systole
Pathway of blood
1) superior vena cava
2) inferior vena cava
3) right atrium
4) tricuspid valve
5) right ventricle
6) pulmonary SL valve
7) pulmonary arteries
8) lungs
9) pulmonary veins
10) left atrium
11) bicuspid valve
12) left ventricle
13) aortic valve
14) aorta
15) body
Foreign substance that provokes an immune response in the body
Antigen
exchanges food and waste between blood tissues
capillaries
vessels with fastest flow
capillaries
vessels with thin walls
capillaries
vessels with the smallest internal diameter
capillaries
vessels that bring blood to almost every cell in the body
capillaries
main function is to exchange nutrients to gases between the blood
capillaries
carries blood away from the heart
arteries
high blood pressure
arteries
vessels with fastest flow
arteries
vessels with thick muscle layer
arteries
exhibit a pulse and blood pressure is measured by a “pop” sound
arteries
structurally lymphatic
veins
vessels most resemble these vessels in the body
veins
referred as blood reservoir
veins
at rest these most of the blood in the body is contained in these vessels
veins
circulatory system functions
pulmonary trunk
pulmonary arteries
pulmonary capillaries
pulmonary veins
pressure that is measured as the arteries recoil during ventricular relaxation is known as ___
diastolic blood pressure
which circulatory path carries blood rich in substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
hepatic portal
how is venous blood returned to the heart
1) contraction of the heart
2) skeletal muscle pumps
3) respiratory pumps
filters nodes
filter lymph stores lymph
