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Physiology/Anatomy > Second Semester Exam > Flashcards

Second Semester Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Regulates the heart and diameter of blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular center functions

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2
Q

Coordinates walking, balance, and the ability to speak understandably

A

Cerebellum functions

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3
Q

the outer layer of the cerebrum

A

Cerebral cortex

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4
Q

Contains; nutrients, serves as a shock absorber, contains white blood cells to fight infections

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) functions

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5
Q

Ridges that make up the surface of the cerebrum

A

Gyrus

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6
Q

Olfactory relay, controls your body temp., tells your bday when it’s hungry/thirsty

A

Hypothalamus functions

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7
Q

Basic emotions

A

Lambic system functions

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8
Q

3 connective tissue membranes covering the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

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9
Q

Reflex arc structure that transmits the impulse to a muscle or gland

A

Motor neuron

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10
Q

Acts like a bridge connecting the spinal cord and medulla to upper portions of the brain

A

Pons functions

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11
Q

A simple, fast, predictable automatic response to help protect the body

A

Reflex arc

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12
Q

Reflex arc structure that passes the impulse from the receptors to the CNS

A

Sensory neuron

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13
Q

Brain cavities where cerebrospinal fluid circulates

A

Ventricles of the brain

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14
Q

Process that adjust the lens for near Vision

A

Accommodation

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15
Q

Response for Vision in bright light

A

Cones

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16
Q

Thin transparent mucous membrane covering the anterior of the eye and lining of the eyelids

A

Conjunctiva

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17
Q

Where does most of our reflection occur?

A

Cornea

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18
Q

Structure that helps equalize air pressure on tympanic membrane

A

Eustachian tube

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19
Q

Depression in the macula containing only cones

A

Fovea

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20
Q

Farsightedness

A

Hyperopia

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21
Q

Colored part of the eye

A

Iris

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22
Q

The equilibrium apparatus concerned with maintaining posture

A

Maculae

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23
Q

Nearsightedness

A

Myopia

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24
Q

Responsible for vision in bright light

A

Rods

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25
Q

Structure commonly knowing as the “white” of the eye

A

Sclera

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26
Q

The stricter(s) for dynamic (motion) equilibrium

A

Semicircular canals

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27
Q

A constant ringing in the ears

A

Tinnitis

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28
Q

Sound waves directly cause what structure to vibrate

A

Tympanic membrane

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29
Q

Antibody of blood

A

None

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30
Q

Antigen of blood

A

A, B

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31
Q

Blood functions

A

Transportation, regulation, protection

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32
Q

Materials transported by blood

A

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste, heat, hormones

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33
Q

Neutrophil functions

A

Appendicitis or an acute infection will cause a rapid increase in WBC

34
Q

Plasma

A

A plasma protein important in maintaining the blood Viscosity/liquid part of the blood

35
Q

Plasma composition by percent

A

92% is plasma

36
Q

Not truly cells but fragments of cells

A

Platelets

37
Q

Where does the formation of most blood cells occur

A

Red bone marrow

38
Q

AB blood characteristics

A

Universal recipients

39
Q

Type O blood characteristics

A

Universal donors

40
Q

Type A

A

Antigen- A
Antibodies- B
can donate- A, AB
Can receive- A, O

41
Q

Type B

A

Antigen- B
Antibodies- A
Can donate- B, AB
Can receive- B, O

42
Q

Type AB

A

Antigen- A, B
Antibodies- None
Can donate- AB
Can receive- All

43
Q

Type O

A

Antigen- None
Antibodies- Anti- A, B
Can donate- All
Can receive- O

44
Q

Also known as red blood cells

A

Erythrocytes

45
Q

Includes 2 subcategories: gradual, and agranular also known as white blood cells

A

Leukocytes

46
Q

Heart rate is monitored and regulated by this structure

A

Cardiovascular center functions

47
Q

The heart speeds up when we stand up quickly due to receptors here that detect blood pressure

A

Carotid artery receptors

48
Q

Narrowing of the coronary arteries reducing blood flow to the heart; has a number of causes and is the leading cause of death in the U.S

A

Coronary artery disease

49
Q

Circulation of blood through the heart muscle is supplied by the ___ circulation

A

Coronary circulation

50
Q

Heart chamber contraction sequence

A

Atria contracts then ventricles

51
Q

Improper closing of the valves cause ___

A

Heart murmur

52
Q

The action of valves closing causes audible ___

A

Heart sounds

53
Q

Left ventricle

A

Thickest walled chamber of the heart

Chamber that pumps blood to the aorta

54
Q

Cardia muscle is known as ___

A

Myocardium

55
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Blood is pumped from the ventricles to the lungs

56
Q

the heart beat originates in this mass of tissue

A

SA node

57
Q

Sending blood internal organs/all other parts of the body

A

Systemic circulation

58
Q

The term describing heart chamber contraction is ____

A

Systole

59
Q

Pathway of blood

A

1) superior vena cava
2) inferior vena cava
3) right atrium
4) tricuspid valve
5) right ventricle
6) pulmonary SL valve
7) pulmonary arteries
8) lungs
9) pulmonary veins
10) left atrium
11) bicuspid valve
12) left ventricle
13) aortic valve
14) aorta
15) body

60
Q

Foreign substance that provokes an immune response in the body

A

Antigen

61
Q

exchanges food and waste between blood tissues

A

capillaries

62
Q

vessels with fastest flow

A

capillaries

63
Q

vessels with thin walls

A

capillaries

64
Q

vessels with the smallest internal diameter

A

capillaries

65
Q

vessels that bring blood to almost every cell in the body

A

capillaries

66
Q

main function is to exchange nutrients to gases between the blood

A

capillaries

67
Q

carries blood away from the heart

A

arteries

68
Q

high blood pressure

A

arteries

69
Q

vessels with fastest flow

A

arteries

70
Q

vessels with thick muscle layer

A

arteries

71
Q

exhibit a pulse and blood pressure is measured by a “pop” sound

A

arteries

72
Q

structurally lymphatic

A

veins

73
Q

vessels most resemble these vessels in the body

A

veins

74
Q

referred as blood reservoir

A

veins

75
Q

at rest these most of the blood in the body is contained in these vessels

A

veins

76
Q

circulatory system functions

A

pulmonary trunk
pulmonary arteries
pulmonary capillaries
pulmonary veins

77
Q

pressure that is measured as the arteries recoil during ventricular relaxation is known as ___

A

diastolic blood pressure

78
Q

which circulatory path carries blood rich in substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract

A

hepatic portal

79
Q

how is venous blood returned to the heart

A

1) contraction of the heart
2) skeletal muscle pumps
3) respiratory pumps

80
Q

filters nodes

A

filter lymph stores lymph

Physiology/Anatomy (22 decks)

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