Chapter 8 Test Review Part One Flashcards
Identify contraction- shortens the muscle and causes movement
Isotonic
Identify contraction- Slight, constant contraction during consciousness
Tone
Identify contractions- increase muscle tension but no movement occurs
Isometric
Identify contractions- continuous sustained contraction allowing smooth movement
Tetanus
Identify contractions- “stairstep” increase in contraction with repeated stimulation before muscle has completely relaxed
Summation
Name the type of muscle tissue described- multinucleated
Skeletal
Name the type of muscle tissue described- found in blood vessels and stomach
Smooth
Name the type of muscle tissue described- voluntary
Skeletal
Name the type of muscle tissue described- branched with intercalated discs
Cardiac
Name the type of muscle tissue described- spindle shaped
Smooth
Name the type of muscle tissue described- cylindrical in shape; unbranched
Skeletal
Name the type of muscle tissue described- striated
Skeletal/smooth
Name the type of muscle tissue described- involuntary
Cardiac/smooth
Name the type of muscle tissue described- found in heart
Cardiac
Name the type of muscle tissue described- unstriated
Smooth
Name the type of muscle tissue described- usually attached to bones
Skeletal
Name the type of muscle tissue described- longest individual cells
Skeletal
Name the type of muscle tissue described- non striated
Smooth
Does the length of actin and myosin filaments change during muscle contraction?
No
This is essential for maintaining posture
Tone
The third phase (period) of a muscle twitch contraction
Relaxation
These structures in enlarged bulb of an axon provide energy to make ACh
Mitochondria
State of limpness in which muscle tone is lost
Flaccid
The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber
Sacoplasm
This tissue is responsible for most of the heat production going on in our body
Muscle tissue
Skeletal muscle have a ___ blood supply and a ___ nerve supply
Good/good
All the muscle fibers in a ___ must contract or relax together
Motor unit
The movement of these ions from outside the sarcolemma to inside causes an action potential to begin to move along
Sodium ions
These ions are necessary to trigger muscle contraction
Calcium ions
Dietary supplement that some studies show may result in more lifting power
Creatine
The storage form of glucose in our liver and muscles
Glycogen
This anaerobic process provides enough energy for 30-40 sec of maximal activity
Glycolysis
Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
Tendon
The source of energy for muscle contraction
ATP
Another name for an action potential
Impulse
This is required by mitochondria in the aerobic production of energy for muscle contraction
Oxygen
Another name for muscle cells
Fibers
The cell membrane of muscle cells
Sarcolemma
Alternate light and dark bands running through the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell
Striations
A single nerve fiber and the muscle fibers it supplies
Motor unit
A chemical necessary to transfer the nerve impulse to stimulate the muscle
Acetylcholine (ACh)
The time between the application of a stimulus and the actual shortening of the muscle
Latent period
Two types of skeletal muscle contractions needed for normal body movements
Isotonic/tetanus
The connection between a nerve fiber and a muscle fiber
Neuromuscular junction
A brief contraction of all muscle fibers of a motor unit in response to a single stimulus
Twitch
Most of the Ca +2 is found here when a fuscle fiber is relaxed
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
A stiffening of the muscle after death due to Ca+2 leaking out of the Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Rigor mortis
Name the major function of muscles
Movement, stabilize, regulate organ volume, heat production
The neurotransmitter released from the synaptic vesicles of neutrons supplying skeletal muscle
ACh
The thick mayo filament that had enlarged heads to form cross bridges
Myosin
