Chapter 12 Test Review Flashcards
Sour is best tasted in which portion of tongue
Sides
Name the largest papillae of tongue
Cirrcum vallate
What type of sensory organs are the gustatory organs
taste
what type of stimulus is required for olfactory reception to occur
a few molecules
Name the five primary taste sensations
sour, sweet, salty bitter, umami
What is lacking in the blind spot so that it has no vision capability
rods and cones
Name structures that protect the eye
eyebrows, eyelashes, eyelids
What is the term we use to describe the closet distance at which sharp focus is attained by the eyes
near point
The thin transparent mucous membrane covering the anterior of the eye and lining the eyelids
conjunctiva
The ability of the eyes to focus together so that we see only one image and have depth perception
binocular vision
A touch receptor is an example of this type of receptor
mechanoreceptor
The process that adjusts the lens for near vision
accommodation
Light energy initiates nerve impulses in what structure
retina
A sex linked trait; lacking cones
color blindness
In what area of the eye are cones are most densely concentrated
central fovea
The colored part of the eye
Iris
A kind of pain often experienced by people suffering a heart attack
referred
What receptors work to allow color vision
the three kinds of cones
What is the term we use to describe bringing each eye to focus at the same point
convergence
The bending of light rays as they pass from the air through the cornea and lens
refraction
List the accessory structure of the eye
eyebrows,eyelash lacrimal apporatus
Where does most of our refraction occur
cornea
The outermost layer of the retina that contains melanin to absorb light rays
pigment epithelium
The structure that provides blood for the eye and absorbs scattered light
choroid
In what area do humans have the sharpest vision
central fovea
In what process are the maculae and semicircular canals involved
equilibrium
The equilibrium apparatus concerned with maintaining posture
maculae (of the vestibule)
The structures for dynamic (motion) equilibrium
semicircular canals
What makes up the bony labyrinth
semicircular canals, vestibule, cochlea
The ear structure that converts sound waves into vibrations
tympanic membrane
A balance disorder which causes a person to feel that they are going around in space and are extremely dizzy
vertigo
A disorder caused by fusion of the bones of the middle ear
conduction deafness
A constant ringing in the ears
tinnitis
The structure that helps equalize air pressure on the tympanic membrane
eustachian tube
A disorder caused by nonfunctional organs or Corti within the cochlea
sensprineural deafness
What is created when hair cells come in contact with the tectorial membrane
an impulse
What is the purpose of static equilibrium
balance
Sound waves directly cause what structure to vibrate
tympanic membrane
Nociceptors are receptors of ______
pain
Block the formation of chemicals that stiumulate the nociceptor
analgesics
Responsible for vision bringing in light
cones
Responsible for vision in dim light
rods
Changes the shape of the lens
ciliary muscle
Controls light entry into eyes
iris
Focus light onto the retina
lens
Central area of retina
macula lutea
Nearsightedness
myopia
Fairsightedness
hyperopia
Focusing of light rays behind the retina
hyperopia
Corrected by convex corrective lens
hyperopia
Fluid in the anterior cavity of the eye
aqueos humor
Excess fluid pressure in the eye
glaucoma
Clouding of the lens and or cornea
cataract
Lens that has lost its elasticity with age
presbyopia
Fluid in the posterior cavity of the eye
vitreous humor
Normal vision
emmetropia
Irregular curvature of the lens or cornea
astigmatism
How many molecules of a substance need to be present in air to be smelled
only a few
How are taste and smell related
much of what we perceive as taste is smell
These papillae cover most of the surface of the tongue and rarely contain taste buds
filiform
The lateral edges of the tongue are more sensitive to what substances
sour
What substances maintains the pressure in the eye
aqueous humor
Where does the aqueous humor drain
into the blood
The structure commonly known as the “white” of the eye
sclera
What is the shape of the lens when you view distant objects
flat
Which type of equilibrium refers to the maintenance of body position (as in posture)
static
The nerve that carries impulses from our eyes to the occipital lobe of the brain
optic
