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Physiology/Anatomy > Chapter 12 Test Review > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Test Review Flashcards

0
Q

Sour is best tasted in which portion of tongue

A

Sides

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1
Q

Name the largest papillae of tongue

A

Cirrcum vallate

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2
Q

What type of sensory organs are the gustatory organs

A

taste

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3
Q

what type of stimulus is required for olfactory reception to occur

A

a few molecules

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4
Q

Name the five primary taste sensations

A

sour, sweet, salty bitter, umami

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5
Q

What is lacking in the blind spot so that it has no vision capability

A

rods and cones

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6
Q

Name structures that protect the eye

A

eyebrows, eyelashes, eyelids

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7
Q

What is the term we use to describe the closet distance at which sharp focus is attained by the eyes

A

near point

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8
Q

The thin transparent mucous membrane covering the anterior of the eye and lining the eyelids

A

conjunctiva

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9
Q

The ability of the eyes to focus together so that we see only one image and have depth perception

A

binocular vision

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10
Q

A touch receptor is an example of this type of receptor

A

mechanoreceptor

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11
Q

The process that adjusts the lens for near vision

A

accommodation

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12
Q

Light energy initiates nerve impulses in what structure

A

retina

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13
Q

A sex linked trait; lacking cones

A

color blindness

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14
Q

In what area of the eye are cones are most densely concentrated

A

central fovea

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15
Q

The colored part of the eye

A

Iris

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16
Q

A kind of pain often experienced by people suffering a heart attack

A

referred

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17
Q

What receptors work to allow color vision

A

the three kinds of cones

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18
Q

What is the term we use to describe bringing each eye to focus at the same point

A

convergence

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19
Q

The bending of light rays as they pass from the air through the cornea and lens

A

refraction

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20
Q

List the accessory structure of the eye

A

eyebrows,eyelash lacrimal apporatus

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21
Q

Where does most of our refraction occur

A

cornea

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22
Q

The outermost layer of the retina that contains melanin to absorb light rays

A

pigment epithelium

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23
Q

The structure that provides blood for the eye and absorbs scattered light

A

choroid

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24
Q

In what area do humans have the sharpest vision

A

central fovea

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25
Q

In what process are the maculae and semicircular canals involved

A

equilibrium

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26
Q

The equilibrium apparatus concerned with maintaining posture

A

maculae (of the vestibule)

27
Q

The structures for dynamic (motion) equilibrium

A

semicircular canals

28
Q

What makes up the bony labyrinth

A

semicircular canals, vestibule, cochlea

29
Q

The ear structure that converts sound waves into vibrations

A

tympanic membrane

30
Q

A balance disorder which causes a person to feel that they are going around in space and are extremely dizzy

A

vertigo

31
Q

A disorder caused by fusion of the bones of the middle ear

A

conduction deafness

32
Q

A constant ringing in the ears

A

tinnitis

33
Q

The structure that helps equalize air pressure on the tympanic membrane

A

eustachian tube

34
Q

A disorder caused by nonfunctional organs or Corti within the cochlea

A

sensprineural deafness

35
Q

What is created when hair cells come in contact with the tectorial membrane

A

an impulse

36
Q

What is the purpose of static equilibrium

A

balance

37
Q

Sound waves directly cause what structure to vibrate

A

tympanic membrane

38
Q

Nociceptors are receptors of ______

A

pain

39
Q

Block the formation of chemicals that stiumulate the nociceptor

A

analgesics

40
Q

Responsible for vision bringing in light

A

cones

41
Q

Responsible for vision in dim light

A

rods

42
Q

Changes the shape of the lens

A

ciliary muscle

43
Q

Controls light entry into eyes

A

iris

44
Q

Focus light onto the retina

A

lens

45
Q

Central area of retina

A

macula lutea

46
Q

Nearsightedness

A

myopia

47
Q

Fairsightedness

A

hyperopia

48
Q

Focusing of light rays behind the retina

A

hyperopia

49
Q

Corrected by convex corrective lens

A

hyperopia

50
Q

Fluid in the anterior cavity of the eye

A

aqueos humor

51
Q

Excess fluid pressure in the eye

A

glaucoma

52
Q

Clouding of the lens and or cornea

A

cataract

53
Q

Lens that has lost its elasticity with age

A

presbyopia

54
Q

Fluid in the posterior cavity of the eye

A

vitreous humor

55
Q

Normal vision

A

emmetropia

56
Q

Irregular curvature of the lens or cornea

A

astigmatism

57
Q

How many molecules of a substance need to be present in air to be smelled

A

only a few

58
Q

How are taste and smell related

A

much of what we perceive as taste is smell

59
Q

These papillae cover most of the surface of the tongue and rarely contain taste buds

A

filiform

60
Q

The lateral edges of the tongue are more sensitive to what substances

A

sour

61
Q

What substances maintains the pressure in the eye

A

aqueous humor

62
Q

Where does the aqueous humor drain

A

into the blood

63
Q

The structure commonly known as the “white” of the eye

A

sclera

64
Q

What is the shape of the lens when you view distant objects

A

flat

65
Q

Which type of equilibrium refers to the maintenance of body position (as in posture)

A

static

66
Q

The nerve that carries impulses from our eyes to the occipital lobe of the brain

A

optic

Physiology/Anatomy (22 decks)

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