Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 10 Flash Cards > Science - Medical Science > Flashcards

Science - Medical Science Flashcards

1
Q

What are the differences between cells, tissues and organs

A

Cells are the building blocks of all organisms,

Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform functions eg muscle tissue

Organs are a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function eg heart, lungs liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is diffusion

A

Diffusion is the spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to a area of low concentration until they are equal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why is oxygen needed for life processes

A

Oxygen helps organisms grow, reproduce, and turn food into energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the word equation for respiration

A

glucose + oxygen = (arrow) carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is respiration

A

The chemical reaction which takes place in all living cells in order to release energy from glucose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the mouth/nose

A

To bring air into the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function for the epiglottis

A

A flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function for the trachea

A

The windpipe; a tube that connects the throat to the bronchi, allowing air to pass to and from the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of bronchis

A

The main passageways that direct air from the trachea into the lungs. The trachea splits into the left and right bronchi.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of bronchioles

A

Smaller branches of the bronchi that lead to the alveoli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is alveoli and the function for alveoli

A

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs between the air and the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the diaphragm and the function for the diaphragm

A

A dome-shaped muscle at the bottom of the lungs that plays a key role in breathing by contracting and relaxing to change the volume of the chest cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function for ribs

A

The bones that form the rib cage, protecting the heart and lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function for intercostal muscles

A

Muscles located between the ribs that assist with breathing by expanding and contracting the rib cage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is aerobic respiration

A

When a chemical reaction takes place in all living cells in order to provide useable energy to cells to carry out the life processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is anaerobic respiration

A

When they’re isnt enough oxygen avaliable in the body and anaerobic respiration produces a little bit of energy but not enough to support for a long time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the importance of the respiratory system

A

The respiratory system allows oxygen in the air to be taken into the body, while also letting the body get rid of carbon dioxide in the air breathed out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is gas exchange

A

The process of oxygen being absorbed into the blood and carbon dioxide being expelled, primarily occurring in the alveoli.

19
Q

What is the difference between respiration and breathing

A

Breathing is a physical process to inhale and exhale air in and out of the lungs

Respiration is a chemical process where glucose and oxygen react to release energy

20
Q

What is the effects of smoking on the respiratory system

A

It reduces lung function and breathlessness due to swelling and narrowing of the lung airways

21
Q

What are long-term effects of smoking

A

Causes of:
Cancer
Heart attack
Stroke
Emphysema

22
Q

What is carcinogenic

A

Any agent that promotes the development of cancer

23
Q

What is diffusion

A

The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; essential in the exchange of gases in the alveoli.

24
Q

Why is diffusion important in the body

A

So oxygen and glucose molecules can move in and out of cells depending on the concentrations inside of the cell

25
Q

What is breathing

A

The process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide, enabling gas exchange in the lungs.

26
Q

What happens when you breath in

A
  • Intercostal muscles between the ribs contract
  • The diaphragm muscle below the lungs contract and flatten, increasing size of chest
  • Lungs increase increase so air pressure falls
27
Q

What happens when you breath out

A

Intercostal muscles between the ribs relax
The diaphragm muscle below the lungs relax and bulge up decreasing size of chest
Lungs decrease in size so air pressure increases

28
Q

What does tar damage when you smoke cigarettes

A

Alveoli which makes it difficult for oxygen to get from lungs to blood and cells

29
Q

What is the circulatory system and why is it important

A

The system that contains the heart and the blood vessels and moves blood throughout the body.
It carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, and removes waste products, like carbon dioxide.

30
Q

What is the functions for the atrias

A

The two upper chambers of the heart that receive blood coming into the heart.

31
Q

What is the function for the septum

A

It helps keep oxygen-rich blood from the lungs from mixing with oxygen-poor blood from the body.

32
Q

What is the function for the ventricles

A

The two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out of the heart to the lungs and the rest of the body.

33
Q

What is the function for the aorta and vena cava

A

Aorta: transports oxygen rich blood from your heart to the rest of your body

Vena Cava: carries blood to the heart from other areas of the body.

34
Q

What is the function for the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein

A

Pulmonary artery: carries oxygen-poor blood from your heart to your lungs

Pulmonary vein: transfers freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atria of the heart

35
Q

What are arteries and the structure and functions of them

A

Arteries are strong muscular blood vessels with no valves

Arteries carry blood away from the heart and mainly carry oxygenated blood. Arteries have to carry blood under high pressure

36
Q

How does exercise affect rate of heartbeat

A

Muscles require energy via respiration which means our body needs more oxygen and glucose. This increases the pulse rate to increase blood circulation so does our breathing rate to get oxygen into body.

This circulation increase leads to the rate of carbon dioxide left from the muscles

37
Q

What are veins and the structure and functions of veins

A

Veins are blood vessels that contain a small amount of muscle and elastic and appear blue/purple

They carry blood towards the heart and mainly carry deoxygenated blood. They need valves to keep blood moving in correct direction

38
Q

What are capillaries and the structure and functions of them

A

Capillaries are thin blood vessels that are one cell thick which have no muscle, valves and elastic in walls

Capillaries bring oxygenated blood to tissues and deoxygenated blood from tissues

39
Q

Why is blood important

A

Blood brings oxygen and nutrients to parts of the body so they can function

40
Q

What are the functions of white blood cells and red blood cells

A

White blood cells: To protect body from infection, cells increase when infection present and decrease when healthy

Red blood cells: to carry oxygen from the lungs to around the body.

41
Q

What are the functions of platelets and plasma

A

Platelets: To form clots at damaged sites to prevent blood loss when you get a cut

Plasma: A liquid that carries substances around the body including carbon dioxide, nutrients, and hormones

42
Q

What is respiration

A

The chemical reaction which takes place in all living cells in order to release energy from glucose.

43
Q

How does oxygen get to cells

A

Oxygen and glucose move in and out of the cells across the cell membrane by diffusion.

Molecules will move into the cell when there is a higher concentration of oxygen outside the cell than inside the cell.

Year 10 Flash Cards (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions