Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 10 Flash Cards > Science - Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Science - Acids and Bases Flashcards

1
Q

What is an acid

A

compounds that dissolve in water to release hydrogen ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the properties of acids

A

corrosive, taste sour, pH less than 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a base

A

alkalis - a substance that can accept hydrogen ions in water and can neutralize an acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the properties of bases

A

caustic, taste bitter, pH more than 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is an alkali

A

Substances that are chemically the opposite acids. A base that dissolves in water is called an alkali

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some common acids

A

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
Nitric acid (HNO₃)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some common bases

A

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acids and bases react to ____ each other

A

Neutralise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pH scale

A

a system to show whether a substance is acidic, basic (base) or neutral.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the range of the pH scale

A

0-14

0 is most acidic and 14 is most basic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the pH of a neutral substance

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the universal indicator

A

A universal indicator is a natural dye that changes colour in a substance to show if it is a acid, base or neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the colour changes in a universal indicator

A

0-1: Dark red (strong acid)
2: Red (strong acid)
3-5: Orange (strong-weak acid)
6: Yellow (weak acid)
7: Green (neutral)
8-9: Light blue (weak base or alkali)
10: Blue (weak base or alkali)
11-12: Indigo (strong base or alkali)
13-14: Purple (strong base or alkali)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the colour changes in litmus paper

A

Red paper will turn blue in a BASIC solution
Blue paper will turn red in a ACIDIC solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the colour changes in phenolphalein

A

It is colourless in a acidic or neutral solution and pink in a basic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Salts are _____ that consist of one ____ and one or more ______ elements eg NaCl

A

compounds, metal, non-metal

17
Q

A reaction between an acid and alkali is called ________ as water is produced

A

neutralisation

18
Q

Acids give off __ ions, bases give off ___ ions. These combine to give H₂0

A

H+, OH-

19
Q

What are three ways to produce salt

A

Acid + base = (arrow) salt + water

Acid + metal = (arrow) salt + hydrogen

Acid + metal carbonate = (arrow) salt + water + carbon dioxide

20
Q

What are reactants

A

The substances you are putting in

21
Q

What are products

A

The new substances formed

22
Q

What are some common carbonates

A

Sodium carbonate (Na₂Co₃)
Calcium carbonate (CaCo₃)
Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCo₃)

23
Q

What is the general equation for acid and metal carbonate neutralisation

A

Acid + metal carbonate = (arrow) salt + water + carbon dioxide

24
Q

What are reaction rates

A

describes how fast a chemical reaction occurs.

usually reactions begin rapidly and then slow down as the reactants are used up. eventually the reaction stops when one or both of the reactants have been used up.

25
Q

What does the collision theory state to occur

A

There must be a collision between the reacting particles. The particles must collide with sufficient energy to break forces holding particles. The particles must collide in the correct orientation or position.

26
Q

What is the effect on temperature on reaction rate using collision theory

A

As the temperature increases, particles gain more kinetic energy which means they will move quicker and more particles will have enough energy for effective collisions to occur. The reaction rate will be faster with higher temperature

27
Q

What is the effect on surface area on reaction rate

A

If a larger surface area is exposed, more particles are available for collisions. Therefore a larger surface area means a faster rate of reactions.

Year 10 Flash Cards (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions