Science Final Flashcards
ecology
interaction between and among organisms and their environment or surroundings
ecosystem
something that can support life
metobolic functions
chemical reactions that keep your body alive
autotrophs
trap sunlight and change the sun’s energy into organic compounds
compounds
two or more elements brought together by a chemical bond
heterotrophs
rely on the plant’s preformed organic compounds
biomass
the amount of living tissue
hot spot
will turn into deadzone if it is unchecked
emigration
permanent exit of an ecosystem
limiting factor
stops growth of a species
density
amount of objects in a certain area
carrying capacity
amount of resources in an ecosystem to support the survival of organisms living there
predation
predator prey relationship keeps a healthy ecosystem
symbioisis
specific relationships between two individuals of different species
mutualism
both benefit
commensalism
predator benefits, host not effected
parasitism
predator benefits, host injured
stress
body releasing enzymes
ecological succession
how an ecosystem will heal itself after an event
primary succession
earth has to start from the beginning
hormones
chemicals that allow the brain to communicate with the rest of the body
polarity
uneven charge distribution on a compound
ionic solutes
made of ions, charged atoms, one negative, one positive
heterogeneous
different throughout, no specific ratio
homogeneous
same throughout
nucleotides
building block of nucleic acid
nucleic acid
cell function code
polimerization
two small units and putting them together to form a polimer
hydrolosis reaction
breaking down a large molecule to form smaller ones and causing the large one to be unstable
activated complex
when the molecule is given enough energy that bonds break and become unstable
activation energy
energy needed to produce an activated complex
chemosynthesis
unicellular organisms obtain energy from inorganic compounds
stimulus
a change to the environment
sexual reproduction
two cells, two sets of DNA, similar offspring
asexual reproduction
one cell, one set of DNA, identical offspring
cytoplasm
jelly like substance that transfers
cytoskeleton
network of protein fillaments, maintains shape and structure
ribosome
synthesis of proteins using codes from RNA
endoplasmic reticulum
movement of materials
golgi bodies
package and transport materials in the cell, especially proteins
lysosomes
cell waste disposal system
vacuoles
storage for water, salts, proteins, carbs
mitochondria
powerhouse of the cell, convert energy from food into ATP
diffusion
the movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of high to low concentration
osmosis
diffusion of water across a membrane
photosynthesis
stores energy, only in plants, takes place in chloroplasts
respiration
releases energy
photolysis
water molecule is split by the sun’s energy to give the plant hydrogen
stomata
found on leaves, let in carbon dioxide, let out oxygen and water
mitosis
process through which a body cell replicates itself, produces two new body cells
DNA
a broad code found on chromosomes
chromotine
a stretched out chromosome
chromatid
duplicated chromosome
meiosis
production of gametes, one duplication of DNA, two cell divisions
gonad
a sex organ
heredity
process by which traits are passed on from one generation to another
gene
structure that contains the code for every trait
mutation
change in the sequence of nitrogen bases
deletion
lost part or all of the code
insertion
segment is repeated
melanocytes
produce melonin which protects skin from UV rays
cartilage
a specific connective tissue that connects bones together
ligaments
stretchy connective tissue that connects bone to bone
ovulation
when the egg is released from the follicle and ovary
evolution
structural, functional, behavioral changes in a living organism that develop overtime to allow that living organisms to survive and reproduce
