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Science Final Flashcards

1
Q

ecology

A

interaction between and among organisms and their environment or surroundings

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2
Q

ecosystem

A

something that can support life

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3
Q

metobolic functions

A

chemical reactions that keep your body alive

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4
Q

autotrophs

A

trap sunlight and change the sun’s energy into organic compounds

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5
Q

compounds

A

two or more elements brought together by a chemical bond

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6
Q

heterotrophs

A

rely on the plant’s preformed organic compounds

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7
Q

biomass

A

the amount of living tissue

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8
Q

hot spot

A

will turn into deadzone if it is unchecked

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9
Q

emigration

A

permanent exit of an ecosystem

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10
Q

limiting factor

A

stops growth of a species

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11
Q

density

A

amount of objects in a certain area

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12
Q

carrying capacity

A

amount of resources in an ecosystem to support the survival of organisms living there

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13
Q

predation

A

predator prey relationship keeps a healthy ecosystem

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14
Q

symbioisis

A

specific relationships between two individuals of different species

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15
Q

mutualism

A

both benefit

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16
Q

commensalism

A

predator benefits, host not effected

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17
Q

parasitism

A

predator benefits, host injured

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18
Q

stress

A

body releasing enzymes

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19
Q

ecological succession

A

how an ecosystem will heal itself after an event

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20
Q

primary succession

A

earth has to start from the beginning

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21
Q

hormones

A

chemicals that allow the brain to communicate with the rest of the body

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22
Q

polarity

A

uneven charge distribution on a compound

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23
Q

ionic solutes

A

made of ions, charged atoms, one negative, one positive

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24
Q

heterogeneous

A

different throughout, no specific ratio

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25
Q

homogeneous

A

same throughout

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26
Q

nucleotides

A

building block of nucleic acid

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27
Q

nucleic acid

A

cell function code

28
Q

polimerization

A

two small units and putting them together to form a polimer

29
Q

hydrolosis reaction

A

breaking down a large molecule to form smaller ones and causing the large one to be unstable

30
Q

activated complex

A

when the molecule is given enough energy that bonds break and become unstable

31
Q

activation energy

A

energy needed to produce an activated complex

32
Q

chemosynthesis

A

unicellular organisms obtain energy from inorganic compounds

33
Q

stimulus

A

a change to the environment

34
Q

sexual reproduction

A

two cells, two sets of DNA, similar offspring

35
Q

asexual reproduction

A

one cell, one set of DNA, identical offspring

36
Q

cytoplasm

A

jelly like substance that transfers

37
Q

cytoskeleton

A

network of protein fillaments, maintains shape and structure

38
Q

ribosome

A

synthesis of proteins using codes from RNA

39
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

movement of materials

40
Q

golgi bodies

A

package and transport materials in the cell, especially proteins

41
Q

lysosomes

A

cell waste disposal system

42
Q

vacuoles

A

storage for water, salts, proteins, carbs

43
Q

mitochondria

A

powerhouse of the cell, convert energy from food into ATP

44
Q

diffusion

A

the movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of high to low concentration

45
Q

osmosis

A

diffusion of water across a membrane

46
Q

photosynthesis

A

stores energy, only in plants, takes place in chloroplasts

47
Q

respiration

A

releases energy

48
Q

photolysis

A

water molecule is split by the sun’s energy to give the plant hydrogen

49
Q

stomata

A

found on leaves, let in carbon dioxide, let out oxygen and water

50
Q

mitosis

A

process through which a body cell replicates itself, produces two new body cells

51
Q

DNA

A

a broad code found on chromosomes

52
Q

chromotine

A

a stretched out chromosome

53
Q

chromatid

A

duplicated chromosome

54
Q

meiosis

A

production of gametes, one duplication of DNA, two cell divisions

55
Q

gonad

A

a sex organ

56
Q

heredity

A

process by which traits are passed on from one generation to another

57
Q

gene

A

structure that contains the code for every trait

58
Q

mutation

A

change in the sequence of nitrogen bases

59
Q

deletion

A

lost part or all of the code

60
Q

insertion

A

segment is repeated

61
Q

melanocytes

A

produce melonin which protects skin from UV rays

62
Q

cartilage

A

a specific connective tissue that connects bones together

63
Q

ligaments

A

stretchy connective tissue that connects bone to bone

64
Q

ovulation

A

when the egg is released from the follicle and ovary

65
Q

evolution

A

structural, functional, behavioral changes in a living organism that develop overtime to allow that living organisms to survive and reproduce

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