Schizophrenia And Psychosis Flashcards
What is psychosis?
Mental disorder in which thoughts, affective response or ability to recognise reality and ability to communicated related to other impaired.
Hallucinations, delusions and disorder of the form of thought
Lack of insight
List psychotic experiences
Hallucinations
Passivity phenomenas
Delusions
Formal thought disorder
What is a hallucination ?
A perception which occurs in absence of an external stimulus
Can occur in any sensory modality
Types of auditory hallucinations?
2nd person - voices which directly address the patient
3rd person - voices which discuss the patient
Thought echo - experiences own thought being spoken or repeated out loud
Types of hallucinations?
Auditory Visual Olfactory Gustatory Somatic
What is passivity phenomena?
Behaviour is experienced as being controlled by and external agency
What are self-referential experiences?
The belief that external events are related to oneself
List some differential diagnoses of psychotic symptoms
Schizophrenia Psychoactive substance use Mania Depression Delirium Dementia
List the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Hallucinations
Delusions
Passivity phenomena
Disorder of the form of thought
List the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Reduced amount of speech Reduced motivation and drive Reduced interest and pleasure Reduced social interaction Restricted range of effect
Usual onset of schizophrenia?
Young adults
Female - 25-35yrs
Male - 15-25 yrs
What are bad prognostic indicators of schizophrenia?
Poor pre-morbid adjustment Insidious onset Early onset Cognitive impairment Enlarged ventricles
What are some good prognostic indicators of schizophrenia?
Older age of onset
Female
Marked mood disturbance
Family history of mood disorder
What is biggest risk factor for schizophrenia?
+ve family history
People with schizophrenia have ___________ lateral verticals
Enlarged
People with schizophrenia have ________ frontotemporal volume
Reduced
What affect does dopamine have in schizophrenia?
Induces psychotic state
Amphetamine worsens/ betters symptoms of schizophrenia
Worsens
It is assumed that schizophrenia is related to over/ under activity of dopamine pathways in the brain
Over activity
What is the Mode of action of typical antipsychotics?
D2 inhibition
Block the post synaptic receptor
List examples of typical antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine
Fluphenazine
Haloperidol
What is the mode of action of atypical antipsychotics?
High 5-HT2a to D2 ratio
Atypical antipsychotics have a better efficacy agains positive or negative symptoms?
Negative
List examples of atypical antipsychotics
Olanzapine
Risperidone
Clozapine
Aripiprazole
