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Psychiatry > Alcohol Misuse > Flashcards

Alcohol Misuse Flashcards

1
Q

How many units are in 10ml of alcohol?

A

1 unit

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2
Q

How many units are considered high risk drinking?

A

> 35 units per week

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3
Q

How many units are considered increased risk drinking?

A

15-35 units per week

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4
Q

What LFT is an indication of liver injury from alcohol?

A

GGT

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5
Q

What affect does alcoholism have on MCV (mean corpuscular volume)?

A

Increases MCV

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6
Q

What does carbohydrate deficient transfer in identify?

A

Men drinking 5 or more units a day for >2 weeks

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7
Q

What does FRAMES stand for?

A 
Feedback
Responsibility 
Advice
Menu
Empathy
Self-efficacy
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8
Q

What specialist interventions are available for alcoholics?

A

Detoxification

Relapse prevention - psychosocial and pharmacological interventions aimed to maintain abstinence

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9
Q

When do first symptoms of alcohol withdrawal appear?

A

Within hours

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10
Q

When do symptoms of alcohol withdrawal peak?

A

24-48 hours

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11
Q

What are some symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?

A 
Restlessness
Tremor
Sweating 
Anxiety
Nausea and vomiting 
Loss of appetite 
Insomnia 
Tachycardia and systolic hypertension 
Generalised seizures and delirium tremens
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12
Q

What happens in delirium tremens?

A 
Confusion 
Disorientation 
Agitation
Hypertension 
Fever
Visual and auditory hallucinations 
Paranoid ideation
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13
Q

How do you manage alcohol withdrawal?

A

Support
Benzodiazepines - long acting agents like diazepam, chlordiazepoxide
Vitamin supplementation -thiamine
Hydration

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14
Q

What is thiamine given as prophylaxis against?

A

Wernickes encephalopathy

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15
Q

How do you prevent relapse using psychosocial interventions?

A 
CBT
Motivational enhancement therapy 
12 step facilitation therapy 
Behavioural self control training 
Therapy
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16
Q

What pharmacological interventions can be used to prevent relapse?

A

Diszulfiram
Naltrexone
Acamprosate

17
Q

How does diszulfiram work?

A 
Leads to accumulation of acetaldehyde if alcohol is ingested ->
Flushed skin
Tachycardia
Nausea and vomiting 
Arrhythmias
Hypotension
18
Q

How does naltrexone work?

A

An opioid antagonist that decreases reward from alcohol

19
Q

How does acamprosate work?

A

Acts in glutamate and GABA to decrease cravings

20
Q

Can you use benzodiazepines beyond the detoxification period?

A

NO

21
Q

Name conditions caused by alcohol related Brian damage

A 
Wernickes encephalopathy 
Korsakoff syndrome 
Myelin sheath degradation 
Neuroinflammation 
Fall -> subdural haematoma

Psychiatry (21 decks)

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