Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BNKN601 > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

What are the effects that might occur when a family member has been given the diagnosis of schizophrenia?

A

Individuals with schizophrenia may be emotionally unavailable due to mental stress therefore the family may feel rejected and lonely.
The symptoms can also be very disabling and can be life long which may have a severe burden on the family if they choose to support and care for the patient (Causing fatigue, emotional, and financial stress).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is schizophrenia?

A

A disorder characterised by a major disturbance in thought, perception, cognition, and psychosocial functioning. This is one of the most severe mental disorders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Aetiology of schizophrenic disorders?

A

Research has identified a complex combination of genetic and environmental factors that suggest an interference with normal brain development and function that can lead to the development of schizophrenia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How long must a person have experiences a mixture of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia to be diagnosed?

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the most common signs and symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Delusions, thought disorder, and hallucinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the diathesis-stress model?

A

This theory has the assumption that individuals are exposed to stressful situations during their life and these events may cause symptoms in some people that may be predisposition to mental illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does genetic predisposition mean?

A

Where an individuals genetics leaves them vulnerable to the development of the illness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is involved in nursing assessment?

A

Risk assessment, functional assessment, and a mental state examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define delusions.

A

Delusions are characterized as fixed and false beliefs that contradict reality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define hallucinations

A

a hallucination includes seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, or feeling something that isn’t there.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define disorganised speech

A

People with disorganized speech might speak incoherently, respond to questions with unrelated answers, say illogical things, or shift topics frequently.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define disorganised behaviour

A

Disorganised behaviour includes bizarre or inappropriate behaviour, actions or gestures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are negative symptoms?

A

“Negative” symptoms are things that are “taken away” or reduced (e.g., reduced motivation or reduced intensity of emotion).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are positive symptoms?

A

“Positive’ symptoms are changes in thoughts and feelings that are “added on” to a person’s experiences (e.g., paranoia or hearing voices).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define anhedonia.

A

inability to feel pleasure in normally pleasurable activities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define avolition.

A

a total lack of motivation that makes it hard to get anything done

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define Aphasia

A

inability (or impaired ability) to understand or produce speech, as a result of brain damage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define anergia

A

abnormal lack of energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define alogia

A

difficulty with speaking or the tendency to speak little due to brain impairment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) considered an appropriate intervention?

A

Because it has no adverse effects and has a potential to improve the quality of an individuals life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why is non-adherence to medication a significant concern in management of schizophrenia?

A

To ensure the person does no experience a relapse of the illness it is important that the medication that is prescribed is maintained for at least a year.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why do nurses need to assess levels of personal hygiene and nutritional intake?

A

Nurses need to monitor the personal hygiene and nutritional intake to prevent infections and also to ensure the person is eating a healthy diet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the nurse do regarding psychopharmacology is they cant prescribe?

A

They are involved in managing adherence and the understanding around medications for patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The primary goal of antipsychotic drug administration is to what?

A

Control positive symptoms of schizophrenia such as delusions and hallucinations although they can make negative symptoms worse such as loss of emotions and social withdrawl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the two main typical antipsychotics?

A

Chlorpromazine and haloperidol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the 5 main types of Atypical antipsychotics

A

Olanzapine, Clozapine, Respiridone, Zuclopenthixol, and quetiapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the 4 depot preparations? (slow release medications by injection)

A

Flupenthixol, Zuclopenthixol, Paliperidone, and Olanzapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What does NMS stand for?

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

29
Q

What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

A

A rare disorder with symptoms that can last longer than a week and cause death. It is shown to be caused by antipsychotic medications

30
Q

What is agranulocytosis?

A

A blood disorder characterised by severe depletion of white blood cells rendering the body almost defenceless against infection (Has flu-like symptoms)

31
Q

Constipation is a serious side affect of which medication

A

Clozapine

32
Q

When a patient is on clozapine and we suspect constipation what are we assessing for?

A

Regular bowel movements, current diet and exercise, and other medications,

33
Q

When a patient is on clozapine and we suspect constipation what should we advise the patient to do?

A

Drink 6-8 glasses of water per day, increase fibre in diet, increase exercise, and use pharmacological products as needed

34
Q

What is medication adherence

A

The maintenance of a prescribed medication regimmen

35
Q

What would be the nursing management for an adverse effect of weight gain?

A

Education around diet and exercise

36
Q

What would be the nursing management for an adverse effect of parkinsonian effects (blank mask like expression, salivary drooling, noticeable tremor in the limbs, and muscle rigidly/shuffling)?

A

Reassure the patient that these symptoms will subside with time, monitor effects and administer anticholinergics as prescribed

37
Q

What would be the nursing management for an adverse effect of akathisia?

A

Report to doctor who may need to review medication

38
Q

What is akathisia?

A

Akathisia is a movement disorder that makes it hard for you to stay still. It causes an urge to move that you can’t control.

39
Q

What would be the nursing management for an adverse effect of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

A

This is an emergency. Nursing care includes hyper vigilance for symptoms, monitoring and reducing temp if it occurs.

40
Q

What does ISBAR stand for?

A 
Introduction/Identify
Situation
Background
Assessment
Request / Recommendation
41
Q

What the the 5 characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech, grossly disorganised or catonic behaviour, and negative symptoms

42
Q

What is involved in the MSE (Mental state examination)?

A

Behaviour/Appearance, Mood/Affect, thought form, thought content, perception, cognition/orientation, judgement, and insight

43
Q

What is involved in the functional inquiry?

A

Sleep, appetite, motivation/activity, anxiety, enjoyment, + alcohol/other drugs, psychosocial inquiry, and physical health

44
Q

What are 3 nursing interventions for an objective of: “Nigel will remain safe and continue to resist the impulse of suicide”

A
  1. Develop trust
45
Q

Name 5 sensory experiences that can be associated with hallucinations?

A

Auditory (hearing voices), visual (seeing things), olfactory (smelling things), tactile (feeling things), and gustatory (tasting things)

46
Q

“I am jesus and I am a millionaire” is an example of what?

A

Grandiose delusion

47
Q

What is grandiose delusion?

A

Delusions of grandeur are one of the more common ones. It’s when you believe that you have more power, wealth, smarts, or other grand traits than is true.

48
Q

“The newsreader on the TV is talking about me” is an example of what?

A

Ideas of reference

49
Q

What is ideas of reference

A

An idea of reference—sometimes called a delusion of reference—is the false belief that irrelevant occurrences or details in the world relate directly to oneself.

50
Q

Name some negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia?

A

Anhedonia, affective blunting, avolition. Alogia, asociality, poverty of ideas, loss of living skills

51
Q

What are some examples of how symptoms can impact upon recovery ?

A

Loss of motivation, poor communication, limited social interactions, personal hygiene, poor nutrition, and loss of hope

52
Q

What are 6 words that contribute to stigmatisation of schizophrenia?

A

Crazy, dangerous, schizo, stupic, psycho, and unpredictable

53
Q

What are some aspects of life that can be affected by discrimination?

A

Social, relationships, employment, education, sport, inclusion, community, housing, physical health, self perception/esteem, and coping

54
Q

What are some strategies that a nurse can do to reduce stigma?

A

Use of language, health promotion, focus on strengths not deficts, education, positive regard, respect, and hope

55
Q

What are the major side effects/risks associated with atypical antipsychotic medications?

A

Weight gain, metabolic syndrome (diabetes), sedation, and gastrointestinal upset

56
Q

What is the primary neurotransmitter target for atypical medicaiton?

A

Dopamine

57
Q

What are some depot antipsychotic medications?

A

Flupenthixol, Olanzapine, Zuclopenthixol, Risperidone, Paliperisone, and Aripiprazole

58
Q

What are some reasons why someone would stop taking their medication?

A

To feel good, due to side effects, stigma, from poor memory, and influence from other substance use

59
Q

What tests need to be conducted regularly for people prescribed clozapine and why?

A

Blood tests, blood pressure, ECG, and bowel monitoring. Because of angranulocytosis, postural hypotenstion, QT prolonged interval, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy (for Long-t use) and constipation

60
Q

Why is it important to ask about mood on the MSE?

A

Many people who develop schizophrenia have a co-morbid mood disorder

61
Q

What question could we ask regarding perception?

A

Do you hear any voices other than mine now or at any time?

Do you ever hear or see things that you think other people may not be seeing?

62
Q

What negative symptom would affect assessment of affect?

A

Affect dysregulation (inability to regukate emotional states), blunted affect, and maybe some medications.

63
Q

“Ive been playing cards with the devil and he cheated me” would be assessed under what in the MSE?

A

Thought content

64
Q

Why would it be important to find out how long symptoms have been present during the MSE ?

A

Psychosis can occur at any time and be of a short duration (at least 1 day but less than a month) symptoms that are present for a significant portion of time may indicate something more serious

65
Q

The biological theory of schizophrenia suggests an excess of what neurotransmitter?

A

Dopamine

66
Q

The diathesis theory suggests that ….. and …. Can contribute to the development of schizophrenia

A

Exposure to stressful events and vulnerability

67
Q

What is the difference between psychosis and schizophrenia?

A

Psychosis is a term describing a set of synptoms and can be linked to many things wheras schizophrenia is a specific diagnosis where specific psychotic symptoms, delusions and/or hallucinations and/or thought disorder have to be present for 1 month or more

68
Q

Can schizophrenia run in families?

A

This is inconclusive, the theory is that there is a generic vulnerability and a person can inherit a risk that may be enhanced with the presence of other factors (i.e environment, stress, attachment, and trauma for example)

69
Q

What are 7 things that are commonly present with schizophrenia?

A

Drugs, alcohol, anxiety, mood disorder, hopelessness, poor self-esteem, and social isolation

BNKN601 (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions