Scalp and Superficial Face Flashcards
1
Q
- What cranial nerve nuceli are located in the midbrain?
A
- CN III and IV
2
Q
- What cranial nerve nuclei are located in the pons?
A
- V, VI, VII,
3
Q
- What cranial nerve nuclei are located in the medulla?
A
IV
X
XII
4
Q
- What cranial nerve nuclei are located in the spinal cord?
A
- Spinal Accessory n. (CN XI)
5
Q
- What are the layers of the scalp and what are their contents?
A
- Skin
- Blood vessels
- Glands
- Connective tissue (Dense)
- Rich in vascular supply
- Contains nerve supply
- Aponeurosis
- Pary of occipital frontalis m.
- Loose connective tissue
- Potential space for infection
- Pericranium
- External periosteum
- NV structures for bone
6
Q
- Neurovascular supply runs in what direction
A
- Inferior to superior
7
Q
- What are the contents of the scalp proper?
A
- Skin
- Connective Tissue
- Aponeurosis
8
Q
- What areas are penetrated by a gaping wound?
A
- Thru aponeurosis
- Goes thru loose CT and pericranium
9
Q
- What areas are penetrated by a non-gaping wound?
A
- Penetrates within skin or deep connective tissue layer (but can still bleed a lot)
10
Q
- Parotid gland
A
- Goes all the way up to the temporal bone and all the way down to the mandible
- Covered in fascia (very painful when inflamed-as in cases like mumps)
- Tumors and stones can form here-need to be surgically removed
- Facial N Travels thru here but does not innervate
- GSA from auriculotemporal n and greater temporal n
- GSE: Parasympathetic Innervation via CN IX
11
Q
- Parotid duct dives into what muscle
A
- Buccinator m.
12
Q
What artery and vein run thru the parotid gland?
A
- Retromandibular vein and external carotid a.
13
Q
- The muscles of facial expression are innervated by what cranial nerve?
- What pharyngeal arch is this cranial nerve a derivative of?
A
- CN VII (Facial nerve)
- 2nd pharyngeal arch
14
Q
- The muscles of mastication are innervated by what cranial nerve? (what division specifically?)
- What pharyngeal arch is this cranial nerve a derivative of?
A
- CN V-Trigeminal n.
- V3-Mandibular
- 1st pharyngeal arch
15
Q
- Besides the muscles of mastication, what other muscles are innervated by the V3-Mandibular division of the Trigeminal N (CN V)?
A
- Mylohyoid m.
- Anterior belly of the digastric m.
- Tensor ms.
16
Q
- The facial nerve sends motor innervation to the facial muscle via what nerve branches?
A
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Mandibular
- Cervical
17
Q
- What sensory information does the facial n. supply thru GSA?
- Where are parasympathetic fibers (GVE) from the facial nerve sent?
- With what nerves do these travel with?
A
- Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue (travels w/ chorda tympani)
- Parasympathetic fibers to
- Lacrimal gland (following greater petrosal n.)
- Submandibular and Sublingual salivary glands (traveling with chorda tympani)
18
Q
- What cranial nerve opens the eye?
- What cranial nerve closes the eye?
A
- CN III (Oculomotor N)
- CN VII (Facial N)
19
Q
- What nerve supplies cutaneous sensation to the face?
A
- CN IX (Trigeminal N)
20
Q
- Besides supplying cutaneous innervation to the face, what else does the trigeminal n. innervate?
A
- Dura mater
21
Q
- What are the regions of the trigeminal n. and what areas of the head do they supply?
A
- V1-Opthalmic
- Supratrochlear n (eyelid to forehead back to vertex of scalp)
- Supraorbital n (forehead and scalp)
- V2-Maxillary
- Infraorbital
- V3-Mandibular
- Mental (Inferior alveolar)
- Buccal
22
Q
- A patient is asked to smile and wrinkle their forehead. The following image is the result. What is your diagnosis?
A
- Bell’s Palsy
- Left sided facial n (CN VII) damage (specifically the peripheral portion of CN VII)
23
Q
- Identify the following muscles of mastication
A
- Temporalis m.
- Buccinator m.
- Medial pterygoid m (superficial head)
- Lateral pterygoid m.
- Medial pterygoid m (deep head)
- Masster m.
24
Q
- Identify the following muscles
A
- Ocipitofrontalis m
- Procerus m
- Orbicularis oculi m
- Zygomaticus minor m.
- Zygomaticus major m.
- Risorius m.
- Orbicularis oris m
- Platysma m.
- Depressor anguli oris m.
- Depressor labii inferioris m.
- Ocipitofrontalis m.
- Temporalis m.
- Buccinator m.
- Mentalis m.
25
Q
- Identify the muscles of facial expression from a lateral view
A
- Occipitofrontalis
- Procerus
- Orbicularis oculi
- Nasalis
- Levator labii superioris
- Zygomaticus minor
- Zygomaticus major
- Orbicularis oris
- Depressor labii inferioris
- Mentalis
- Depressor anguli oris
- Risorius
- Buccinator
- Masseter
- Platysma
- Superior auricular
- Occipital belly of occipitofrontalis
- Posterior auricular
26
Q
A
27
Q
- What is the diagnosis for this patient?
A
- Herpes Zoster
- Can be in any of the sensory ganglia
- Located in V1 portion of Trigeminal n ganglion (CN IX)-on this image
28
Q
- What two areas in the head and neck do not anastamose?
A
- Brain
- Tongue
29
Q
- Branches of the external carotid a. supplying the face
A
- Facial a. (gives off superior and inferior labial arteries and ends as angular a.)
- Superficial temporal (splits into frontal and parietal branches)
- Transverse facial a.
30
Q
- What branches of the internal carotid a supply the face?
A
- Supraorbital a.
- Supratrochlear a.
31
Q
- The supratrochlear a. anastamoses w the _ a.
- The superior temporal a. anastamoses with the _ a.
A
- Angular a.
- Superior orbital a.
32
Q
- What lymph nodes make up the superficial ring (pericervical collar)?
- What structures do each drain?
A
- Submental-drains central lower lip and chin
- Submandibular-drains top lip, lateral aspects of lower lip
- Parotid-drains lateral face, forehead, eye
- Mastoid-sides of face posterior to ear
- Occipital-back of head
33
Q
- What make up the deep cervical LNs of the neck?
A
- Jugulo-digastric (upper deep cervical LNs)
- Jugular-omohyoid (lower deep cervical LNs)
34
Q
A
