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Neuro Exam 1 > Scalp and Superficial Face > Flashcards

Scalp and Superficial Face Flashcards

1
Q
  • What cranial nerve nuceli are located in the midbrain?
A
  • CN III and IV
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2
Q
  • What cranial nerve nuclei are located in the pons?
A
  • V, VI, VII,
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3
Q
  • What cranial nerve nuclei are located in the medulla?
A

IV

X

XII

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4
Q
  • What cranial nerve nuclei are located in the spinal cord?
A
  • Spinal Accessory n. (CN XI)
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5
Q
  • What are the layers of the scalp and what are their contents?
A
  1. Skin
    1. Blood vessels
    2. Glands
  2. Connective tissue (Dense)
    1. Rich in vascular supply
    2. Contains nerve supply
  3. Aponeurosis
    1. Pary of occipital frontalis m.
  4. Loose connective tissue
    1. Potential space for infection
  5. Pericranium
    1. External periosteum
    2. NV structures for bone
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6
Q
  • Neurovascular supply runs in what direction
A
  • Inferior to superior
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7
Q
  • What are the contents of the scalp proper?
A
  • Skin
  • Connective Tissue
  • Aponeurosis
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8
Q
  • What areas are penetrated by a gaping wound?
A
  • Thru aponeurosis
  • Goes thru loose CT and pericranium
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9
Q
  • What areas are penetrated by a non-gaping wound?
A
  • Penetrates within skin or deep connective tissue layer (but can still bleed a lot)
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10
Q
  • Parotid gland
A
  • Goes all the way up to the temporal bone and all the way down to the mandible
  • Covered in fascia (very painful when inflamed-as in cases like mumps)
  • Tumors and stones can form here-need to be surgically removed
  • Facial N Travels thru here but does not innervate
  • GSA from auriculotemporal n and greater temporal n
  • GSE: Parasympathetic Innervation via CN IX
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11
Q
  • Parotid duct dives into what muscle
A
  • Buccinator m.
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12
Q

What artery and vein run thru the parotid gland?

A
  • Retromandibular vein and external carotid a.
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13
Q
  • The muscles of facial expression are innervated by what cranial nerve?
  • What pharyngeal arch is this cranial nerve a derivative of?
A
  • CN VII (Facial nerve)
  • 2nd pharyngeal arch
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14
Q
  • The muscles of mastication are innervated by what cranial nerve? (what division specifically?)
  • What pharyngeal arch is this cranial nerve a derivative of?
A
  • CN V-Trigeminal n.
  • V3-Mandibular
  • 1st pharyngeal arch
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15
Q
  • Besides the muscles of mastication, what other muscles are innervated by the V3-Mandibular division of the Trigeminal N (CN V)?
A
  • Mylohyoid m.
  • Anterior belly of the digastric m.
  • Tensor ms.
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16
Q
  • The facial nerve sends motor innervation to the facial muscle via what nerve branches?
A
  • Temporal
  • Zygomatic
  • Buccal
  • Mandibular
  • Cervical
17
Q
  • What sensory information does the facial n. supply thru GSA?
  • Where are parasympathetic fibers (GVE) from the facial nerve sent?
    • With what nerves do these travel with?
A
  • Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue (travels w/ chorda tympani)
  • Parasympathetic fibers to
    • Lacrimal gland (following greater petrosal n.)
    • Submandibular and Sublingual salivary glands (traveling with chorda tympani)
18
Q
  • What cranial nerve opens the eye?
  • What cranial nerve closes the eye?
A
  • CN III (Oculomotor N)
  • CN VII (Facial N)
19
Q
  • What nerve supplies cutaneous sensation to the face?
A
  • CN IX (Trigeminal N)
20
Q
  • Besides supplying cutaneous innervation to the face, what else does the trigeminal n. innervate?
A
  • Dura mater
21
Q
  • What are the regions of the trigeminal n. and what areas of the head do they supply?
A
  • V1-Opthalmic
    • Supratrochlear n (eyelid to forehead back to vertex of scalp)
    • Supraorbital n (forehead and scalp)
  • V2-Maxillary
    • Infraorbital
  • V3-Mandibular
    • Mental (Inferior alveolar)
    • Buccal
22
Q
  • A patient is asked to smile and wrinkle their forehead. The following image is the result. What is your diagnosis?
A
  • Bell’s Palsy
  • Left sided facial n (CN VII) damage (specifically the peripheral portion of CN VII)
23
Q
  • Identify the following muscles of mastication
A
  1. Temporalis m.
  2. Buccinator m.
  3. Medial pterygoid m (superficial head)
  4. Lateral pterygoid m.
  5. Medial pterygoid m (deep head)
  6. Masster m.
24
Q
  • Identify the following muscles
A
  1. Ocipitofrontalis m
  2. Procerus m
  3. Orbicularis oculi m
  4. Zygomaticus minor m.
  5. Zygomaticus major m.
  6. Risorius m.
  7. Orbicularis oris m
  8. Platysma m.
  9. Depressor anguli oris m.
  10. Depressor labii inferioris m.
  11. Ocipitofrontalis m.
  12. Temporalis m.
  13. Buccinator m.
  14. Mentalis m.
25
Q
  • Identify the muscles of facial expression from a lateral view
A
  1. Occipitofrontalis
  2. Procerus
  3. Orbicularis oculi
  4. Nasalis
  5. Levator labii superioris
  6. Zygomaticus minor
  7. Zygomaticus major
  8. Orbicularis oris
  9. Depressor labii inferioris
  10. Mentalis
  11. Depressor anguli oris
  12. Risorius
  13. Buccinator
  14. Masseter
  15. Platysma
  16. Superior auricular
  17. Occipital belly of occipitofrontalis
  18. Posterior auricular
26
Q
A
27
Q
  • What is the diagnosis for this patient?
A
  • Herpes Zoster
  • Can be in any of the sensory ganglia
  • Located in V1 portion of Trigeminal n ganglion (CN IX)-on this image
28
Q
  • What two areas in the head and neck do not anastamose?
A
  • Brain
  • Tongue
29
Q
  • Branches of the external carotid a. supplying the face
A
  • Facial a. (gives off superior and inferior labial arteries and ends as angular a.)
  • Superficial temporal (splits into frontal and parietal branches)
  • Transverse facial a.
30
Q
  • What branches of the internal carotid a supply the face?
A
  • Supraorbital a.
  • Supratrochlear a.
31
Q
  • The supratrochlear a. anastamoses w the _ a.
  • The superior temporal a. anastamoses with the _ a.
A
  • Angular a.
  • Superior orbital a.
32
Q
  • What lymph nodes make up the superficial ring (pericervical collar)?
  • What structures do each drain?
A
  • Submental-drains central lower lip and chin
  • Submandibular-drains top lip, lateral aspects of lower lip
  • Parotid-drains lateral face, forehead, eye
  • Mastoid-sides of face posterior to ear
  • Occipital-back of head
33
Q
  • What make up the deep cervical LNs of the neck?
A
  • Jugulo-digastric (upper deep cervical LNs)
  • Jugular-omohyoid (lower deep cervical LNs)
34
Q
A

Neuro Exam 1 (14 decks)

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