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neuro exam 1 > Cervical Angiology and Neurology > Flashcards

Cervical Angiology and Neurology Flashcards

1
Q
  • Identify the branches of the carotid a.
A
  1. Superficial temporal a.
  2. Posterior auricular a.
  3. Occipital a.
  4. Ascending pharyngeal a.
  5. Internal carotid a.
  6. Carotid Sinus
  7. Common carotid a.
  8. Maxillary a.
  9. Submental a.
  10. Lingual a.
  11. External carotid a.
  12. Superior thyroid a.
  13. Superior laryngeal a.
  14. Superior thyroid a.
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2
Q
  • Identify the branches of the carotid on a cadaveric image
A
  1. External carotid a.
  2. Posterior auricular a.
  3. Occipital a.
  4. Internal carotid a.
  5. Carotid sinus
  6. Common carotid a.
  7. Facial a.
  8. Submental a.
  9. Facial a.
  10. Ascending pharyngeal a.
  11. Lingual a.
  12. External carotid a.
  13. Superior thyroid a.
  14. Superior laryngeal a
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3
Q
  • Carotid body is what type of receptor?
A
  • Chemoreceptor
  • Senses O2 content-this information is conveyed centrally by the glossopharyngeal n. (w/ possible involvement of the vagus n.)
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4
Q
  • Carotid sinus is what type of receptor?
A
  • Baroreceptor
    • Senses changes in blood pressure
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5
Q
  • Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity Syndrome
A
  • Pressure over carotid a. causes inappropriate and intense vagal discharge
  • Syncope related to head turning, shaving and wearing a tight collar
  • Carotid sinus pressure causes a reflexive decrease in heart rate and blood pressure
  • Predominantly affects older males
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6
Q
  • Identify the labeled branches of the subclavian a.
A
  1. Deep cervical a.
  2. Vertebral a.
  3. Ascending cervical a.
  4. Inferior thyroid a.
  5. Thyrocervical trunk
  6. Subclavian a.
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7
Q
  • Identify the structure
A
  • Spinal accessory n. (XI)
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8
Q
  • Identify the branches of the subclavian
A
  1. Ascending cervical a.
  2. Inferior thyroid a.
  3. Vertebral a.
  4. Thyrocervical trunk
  5. Subclavian a.
  6. Transverse cervival a.
  7. Deep cervical a.
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9
Q
  • Identify the veins
A
  1. Posterior auricular v.
  2. External jugular v.
  3. Internal jugular v.
  4. Transverse cervical v.
  5. Anterior jugular v.
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10
Q
  • Subclavian v. puncture
A
  • Often where central lines are placed
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11
Q
  • Internal jugular v. puncture
A
  • Used for diagnostic of therapeutic purposes
  • Right internal jugular v is preferred because it is longer and straighter
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12
Q
  • Central line placement
A
  • Usually done on the subclavian v.
  • Used to administer medications, nutrition, and for measuring central venous pressure
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13
Q
  • External jugular venous pressure
A
  • The External Jugular V. may serve as an “internal barometer” since when venous pressure rises the External Jugular V. is much more prominent along it’s course on the lateral Neck.
  • This can be used a s a diagnostic tool for conditions such as heart failure, Superior Vena Cava obstruction, enlarged Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes or increased intrathoracic pressure.
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14
Q
  • Identify the superficial lymph nodes
  • Where do they drain?
A
  1. Superficial parotid LNs
  2. Anterior superficial LNs
  3. Occipital LNs
  4. Mastoid LNs
  5. Lateral Superficial LNs

Drain into the deep LNs

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15
Q
  • Identify the deep LNs
A
  1. Submental nodes
  2. Infrahyoid nodes
  3. Pretracheal nodes
  4. Thyroid nodes
  5. Paratracheal nodes
  6. Deep parotid nodes
  7. Superior deep nodes
  8. Submandibular nodes
  9. Retropharyngeal nodes
  10. Inferior deep nodes
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16
Q
  • Superficial nodes drain into _ nodes
A
  • Inferior deep LNs
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17
Q
  • Deep LNs drain into the _
A
  • Jugular lymphatic trunk
18
Q
  • The right jugular trunk drains into _
  • The left jugular trunk drains into the _
A
  • Right lymphatic duct
  • Thoracic duct
19
Q
  • Identify the following structures
A
  1. Lingual tonsil
  2. Pharyngeal tonsil
  3. Palatine tonsil
  4. Lingual tonsil
20
Q

_ tonsils are also known as the adenoids

A
  • Pharyngeal
21
Q
  • Tonsillectomy
  • What vessels and nerves are vulnerable to injury?
A
  • Usually involves removal of the palatine tonsils d/t inflammation obstructing oral cavity and oropharynx communication
  • Somtimes involves removal of the pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)
  • Vulnerable to injury:
    • Tonsillar A.
    • Glossopharyngeal n.
    • Internal carotid a.
22
Q
  • Tonsillectomy of the lingual tonsil
A
  • Less common
  • D/t severe inflammation of lingual tonsil that can obstruct resp tract
23
Q
  • Tonsilloliths
A
  • Tonsil stones in crypts of palatine tonsils
24
Q
A
  1. Vagus n.
  2. Inferior laryngeal n.
  3. Left recurrent laryngeal n.
  4. Superior vagal ganglion
  5. Inferior vagal ganglion
  6. Pharyngeal branch
  7. Superior laryngeal n.
  8. Internal laryneal n.
  9. External laryngeal n.
25
Q
A
  1. Hypoglossal n.
  2. Right vagus n.
  3. Superior laryngeal n.
  4. Right vagus n.
  5. Internal laryngeal n.
  6. External laryngeal n.
26
Q
A
  1. Superior vagal ganglion
  2. Inferior vagal ganglion
  3. Pharyngeal branch
  4. Pharyngeal plexus
  5. Left vagus n.
27
Q
  • Identify the branches of the left vagus n.
A
  1. Pharyngeal branch
  2. Superior laryngeal n.
  3. Internal laryngeal n.
  4. Left vagus n.
  5. External laryngeal n.
  6. Inferior laryngeal n.
  7. Left recurrent laryngeal n.
28
Q
  • Identify the branches of the right vagus n.
A
  1. Pharyngeal branch
  2. Superior laryngeal n.
  3. Internal laryngeal n.
  4. Right vagus n.
  5. External laryngeal n.
  6. Inferior laryngeal n.
  7. Left recurrent laryngeal n.
29
Q
  • _ N is basically a continuation of the recurrent laryngeal n.
A
  • Inferior laryngeal n.
30
Q
A
  1. Sternocleidomastoid m.
  2. Spinal accessory n. (Cn XI)
  3. Trapezius m.
31
Q
A
  1. Hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
  2. Superior root of ansa cervicalis
32
Q

Which nerve of the cervical plexus travels with the hypoglossal n.?

A
  • Anterior ramus of C1 then has superior root of ansa cervicalis
33
Q
  • Identify the parts of the cervical plexus of nerves
A
  1. Anterior ramus of 2nd cervical spinal n.
  2. Superior root ansa cervicalis
  3. Anterior ramus of 3rd sacral spinal n.
  4. Inferior root ansa cervicalis
  5. Hypoglossal n.
  6. Median supraclavicular n.
  7. Intermediate supraclavicular n.
  8. Greater auricular n.
  9. Lesser occipital n.
  10. Transverse cervical n.
  11. Anterior ramus of the 4th cervical spinal n.
  12. Lateral supraclavicular n.
34
Q
A
  1. Transverse cervical n.
  2. Lesser occipital n.
35
Q
A
  1. Transverse cervical n.
  2. Greater auricular n.
  3. Lesser occipital n.
36
Q
  • The sympathetic presynaptic fibers are located in the _ region of the body and cell bodies are in the _ of the spinal cord
  • How do these nerves get to the cervical part of the spinal cord?
A
  • Thoracolumbar
  • Lateral horn
  • Synapse on paravertebral ganglion on a different level
37
Q
  • How do sympathetic neurons travel with somatic nerves to target organs?
  • Is this sympathetic neuron presynaptic or postsynaptic?
A
  • Grey rami communicans
  • Postsynaptic
38
Q

Identify the sympathetic presence in the neck

A
  1. Carotid periarterial plexus
  2. Internal carotid n.
  3. External carotid n.
  4. Branches to the carotid periarterial plexus
  5. Vertebral n.
  6. Superior cervical ganglion
  7. Middle cervical ganglion
  8. Inferior cervical ganglion
39
Q
A
  • Grey rami communicans
40
Q
  • Horner syndrome
A
  • No sympathetic innervation d/t lesion of cervial sympathetic trunk
  • PAM Horner
  • Ptosis
  • Anhydrosis
  • Miosis
  • Enophthalmos (sinking of the Eye)

neuro exam 1 (14 decks)

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