Neck Myology

Question 1

• What makes up the borders of the posterior triangle in the neck?

Answer 1

• Anterior-sternocleidomastoid m.
• Inferior-Clavicle
• Posterior-Trapezius m.

Question 2

• What are the sub-triangles of the posterior triangle of the neck?
• What muscle separates these two triangles?

Answer 2

• Occipital triangle
• Omohyoid M
• Omoclavicular triangle

Question 3

• What are the contents of the posterior triangle?

Answer 3

• Great auricular n.
• Lesser occipital n/
• Splenius capitis m.
• Spinal accessory n.
• Levator scapulae m.
• Trapezius m.
• Middle scalene m.
• Posterior scalene m.
• External jugular v.
• Sternocleidomastoid m.
• Anterior scalene m.
• Transverse cervical a.
• Supraclavicular ns.

Question 4

• What are the muscles of the posterior triangle in the neck? Not just borders

Answer 4

• Sternocleidomastoid m.
• Inferior belly of omohyoid m.
• Trapezius m.
• Anterior scalene m.
• Middle scalene m.
• Posterior scalene m.
• Splenius capitis m.
• Levator scapulae m.

Question 5

• Congenital torticollis

Answer 5

• Unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid m. resulting in lateral inclination of the neck associated with contralateral torsion

Question 6

• Spasmodic torticollis

Answer 6

Question 7

• Identify the following muscles
• Where do they insert?
• What is their function?

Answer 7

1. Anterior scalene m. (phrenic n. runs on front of this muscle)
2. Middle scalene m.
3. Posterior scalene m.

Anterior and middle scalene insert onto rib 1

Posterior scalene insterts onto rib 2

Lateral flexion of the neck

Elevating the ribs

Question 8

• Identify the various borders and sub-triangles of the anterior triangle of the neck

Answer 8

1. Body of mandible (superior border)
2. Sternocleidomastoid m. (posterior border)
3. Midline of neck (anterior border)
4. Submandibular triangle
5. Submental triangle
6. Carotid triangle
7. Muscular triangle

Question 9

• What are the contents of the submental triangle?

Answer 9

• Submental lymph nodes
• Small veins that form the anterior jugular veins

Question 10

• What are the components of the submandibular triangle?

Answer 10

• Facial a.
• Submental a.
• Submandibular gland
• Hypoglossal n.
• Mylohyoid n.

Question 11

• What are the contents of the anterior triangle?

Answer 11

• Sternohyoid m.
• Sternothyroid m.
• Thyroid gland
• Parathyroid glands

Question 12

• What are the contents of the carotid triangle?

Answer 12

• Hypoglossal n.
• Internal jugular v.
• Vagus n.
• External carotid a.
• Common carotid a.
• Ansa cervicalis (neck loop)

Question 13

• Anterior triangle musculature

Answer 13

Question 14

• Identify the suprahyoid muscles

Answer 14

1. Mylohyoid m.
2. Geniohyoid m.
3. Anterior belly of digastric m.
4. Stylohyoid m.
5. Posterior belly of digastric m.

Question 15

• How do you tell the difference between the posterior belly of the digastric m. and the stylohyoid m.?

Answer 15

• Posterior belly of the digastric m. becomes tendinous right before inserting onto the hyoid bone.
• Stylohyoid m. stays muscular

Question 16

• What are the 4 possible attachment points for the infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 16

• Hyoid bone
• Thyroid cartilage
• Manubrium of sternum
• Omos (Scapula)

Question 17

• What are the infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 17

• Omohyoid m.
• Sternothyroid m.
• Thyrohoid m.
• Sternohyoid m.

Question 18

• What muscle is shown in the following image?
• What two fascial components does it pass through?
• What is its innervation?

Answer 18

• Platysma m.
• Superficial and investing deep fascia
• Facial n.

Question 19

• Identify the following muscles

Answer 19

1. Superior pharyngeal constrictor m.
2. Middle pharyngeal constrictor m.
3. Inferior pharyngeal constrictor m.

Question 20

• Identify the following muscles

Answer 20

1. Salpingopharyngeus m.
2. Palatopharyngeus m.
3. Stylopharyngeus m.

Question 21

• Identify the following muscles

Answer 21

1. Cricothyroid m.

Question 22

• Identify the following muscles

Answer 22

1. Aryepiglottic part oblique arytenoid m.
2. Oblique arytenoid m.
3. Transverse arytenoid m.
4. Posterior cricoarytenoid m.

Question 23

• Identify the following muscles

Answer 23

1. Thyroarytenoid m.
2. Lateral cricoarytenoid m.
3. Vocalis m.

Question 24

• Identify the following anterior vertebral column muscles

Answer 24

1. Superior oblique longus colli m.
2. Longus capitis m.
3. Vertical longus colli m.
4. Inferior oblique longus colli m.

Question 25

• What are the zones of penetrating neck trauma?

Answer 25