Cranial Nerves and Autonomics Flashcards
1
Q
What are the twelve cranial nerves?
A
- Oh- Olfactory
- Once- Optic
- One- Oculomotor
- Takes-Trochlear
- The-Trigeminal
- Anatomy-Abducens
- Final-Facial
- Very-Vestibulocochlear
- Good-Glossopharyngeal
- Vacations-Vagus
- Are-Accessory
- Heavenly-Hypoglossal
2
Q
- The parasympathetics generally work thru the _ pathway
A
- GVE
- Fibers innervating the smooth muscle of the viscera, intraocular muscles, heart, salivary gland, etc
3
Q
- What nuclei are important for GVE action with the PNS?
A
- Edinger Westphal Nucleus (CN III)
- Superior Salivatory Nucleus (CN VII)
- Inferior Salivatory Nucleus (CN IX)
- Nucleus ambiguus (CN IX and X)
4
Q
- Identify the following cranial nerves
A
- Olfactory n (CNI)
- Optic n (CNII)
- Oculomotor n (CNIII)
- Trochlear n (CN IV)
- Abducent n (CN VI)
- Trigeminal N (CN V)
- Spinal Accessory n (CN XI)
- Hypoglossal n (CN XII)
- Vagus n (CN X)
- Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
- Vestibular cochlear n (CN VIII) and Facial n (CN VII)
- Trigeminal n (CN V)
5
Q
What cranial nerves pass thru the cribiform palate
A
CN I (Olfactory n)
6
Q
- What cranial nerves pass thru the optic canal?
A
- CN II-Optic N
7
Q
- What cranial nerves pass thru the superior orbital fissure
A
- CN III-Oculomotor
- CN IV-Trochlear
- CN V (V1)-Opthalmic division of trigeminal
- CN VI-Abducens
8
Q
- What cranial nerves pass thru the foramen rotundum
A
- CN V (V2)- Maxillary division of trigeminal
9
Q
- What nerves pass thru the foramen ovale
A
- CN V (V3)-Mandibular division of trigeminal
10
Q
What nerves pass thru the internal acoustic meatus
A
- CN VII-Facial
- CN VIII-Vestibulocochlear
11
Q
- What nerves pass thru the jugular foramen
A
- CN IX-Glossopharyngeal
- CN X-Vagus
- CN XI-Accessory
12
Q
- What nerves pass thru the hypoglossal canal
A
- CN XII-Hypoglossal
13
Q
- What are the general rules concerning autonomics in the head
A
- All sympathetic fibers are postganglionic arising from superior cervical ganglion of sympathetic trunk-travel on vessels to the structures that they innervate
- Deep petrosal-only named sympathetic n in the head
- Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers arise from nuclei in brainstem and synapse at 4 ganglia in the head (ciliary, pterygopalatine, otic, and submandibular)
- Preganglionic parasympathetics are carried by cranial nerves III, VII, IX and X
- All postganglionic fibers piggy-back on a branch of the trigeminal n to arrive at the structure that they innervate
14
Q
- The deep petrosal n. is a sympathetic n that travels thru the _ canal to become the nerve of the _ canal, and bypasses pterygopalatine ganglion and innervates _ and _ of the face
A
- Pterygoid canal, n. to pterygoid canal
- Blood vessels, sweat glands
15
Q
- Horner’s Syndrome
A
- Absence of sympathetically stimulated functions on the ipsilateral side of the head
- Have you met PAM Horner?
- P=Ptosis (drooping of eyelid)
- A=Anhydrosis (lack of sweating)
- M=Miosis (excessive constriction of the pupil)
16
Q
- What are the components of the Trigeminal N (CN V)?
A
- GSA
- Branchial motor (efferent)
17
Q
- What are the main branches of the trigeminal n?
A
- Opthalmic n
- Maxillary n
- Mandibular n
18
Q
- What are the important parasympathetic components of V1 (Opthalamic) division of the Trigeminal N.?
A
- Lacrimal
- Short Ciliary
19
Q
- What are the important parasympathetic areas of V2 Maxillary division of Trigeminal N?
A
- Zygomatic
- Nasociliary
- Greater and lesser palatine
- Posterior superior nasal
20
Q
- What are the important parasympathetic components of V3 Mandibular division of Trigeminal N?
A
- Auriculotemporal
21
Q
Trigeminal and Autonomic Associations
A
- Only parasympathetics synapse in the gangia
- Sympathetics and Somatics pass thru without synapsing
- After synapsing in their respective ganglia, the postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers travel with (piggy-back) on branches of the trigeminal N
22
Q
- The parasympathetic motor (visceral efferent) nucleus coming from the oculomotor n (CN III) is known as the _ nucleus in the brainstem
- These parasympathetic preganglionic nerves synapse in _ ganglion
A
- Edinger-Westphal
- Ciliary
23
Q
- The nuclei of the parasympathetic motor (visceral efferent) of the Facial Nerve (CN VII) is known as the _
- What ganglion does this synapse in?
A
- Superior salivatory nucleus
- Pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia
24
Q
- What are the named branches of the Facial N (CN VII)?
A
25
Q
- What are the important parasympathetic visceral efferent nuclei of the Glossopharyngeal N (CN IV)
- What nuclei do these parasympathetic fibers synapse in
A
- Inferior salivatory nucleus, nuclei ambiguus
- Otic ganglion
26
Q
What are the important parasympathetic areas of Cn X (Vagus N), where are their nuclei located?
A
- Dorsal vagal motor nucleus
- Nucleus ambiguus
27
Q
Visceral parasympathetic motor to lacrimal gland pathway
A
28
Q
- Visceral (parasympathetic) motor to submandibular and sublingual glands
A
29
Q
- Cranial nerves and nuclei
A
30
Q
Summary of cranial nerves of the extraocular muscles
A
