SAQ Revision Flashcards
Why might it be effective for a coach to schedule skill practices in the evenings and not
in the mornings?
Sleep improves learning
- List and briefly define/explain FOUR variables, recommended by the American College
of Sports Medicine (ACSM), that are commonly manipulated in a training programme?
Frequency - how often someone exercises
Intensity - how hard they exercise
Time - how long they exercise for
Type - the modality of the exercise they are undertaking
Give ONE reason why it is valuable to know someone’s hydration state for measuring their body composition
Most water is in body cells
OR
It compromises majority of FFM (73%)
Give ONE method by which hydration status might be estimated?
Any from Body Mass, Urinary Specific Gravity, Thirst, Urine colour, Urine
frequency
Give ONE reason why it seems easier to lift heavy weights on the calf raise machine in the gym
compared to other exercises
The distance of the Achilles tendon from the axis is greater than the distance of the resistance to the axis providing a muscular mechanical advantage
Give another reason why it seems easier to lift heavy weights on the calf raise machine in the gym
compared to other exercises
The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles also have higher force capability than most muscles
List 2 of the guiding principles of a HAES approach and provide a brief description of each
Size and self acceptance = respecting and appreciating the diversity of body sizes, shapes and features rather than pursuing an idealised weight or shape
The joy of movement = encouraging all physical activities for the associated pleasure and health benefits, rather than following a specific routine of regimented exercise for the primary purpose of weight loss or management
- List FOUR effects or functions of adipose tissue that are relevant to fitness or health.
Energy store
Increases energy cost
Physical insulation
Thermal insulation
List the 3 energy systems
ATP
Glycolysis
Aerobic
List the 3 energy systems as well as one of their substrates and end products
ATP - ATP, ADP
Glycolysis - glucose, ATP
Aerobic - pyruvate, CO2
List an ATP energy system substrate and end product
ATP and ADP
List a glycolysis energy system substrate and end product
Glucose and ATP
List an aerobic energy system substrate and end product
Pyruvate and CO2
Approximately, how long into maximal effort exercise would the ATP energy system be providing the main source of ATP?
1-10 seconds
Approximately, how long into maximal effort exercise would the glycolysis energy system be providing the main source of ATP?
10 - 60 seconds
Approximately, how long into maximal effort exercise would the aerobic energy system be providing the main source of ATP?
> 30 seconds
What term is given to the capacity of the brain to rewire itself as a function of learning
and development?
Neural plasticity
What is the “biophillia” hypothesis and what a re TWO ways in which it is relevant for human health directly and indirectly?
Biophillia = innate tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of life
1. Motivate to do more exercise/be more physically active
2. Keep planet more green - better for physical and mental health
- Why is blinding of participants, and preferably also of researchers (i.e., double blinding),
important when testing the effectiveness of training aids?
Either: to reduce bias OR reduce placebo effects
- Provide TWO examples of ethical principles or behaviours that exercise scientists should
always use when conducting research.
Obtain informed consent
Allow participants to withdraw at any time
- What is the most interesting thing you’ve learnt about in SPEX102 this year?
That humans show the least physical or physiological adaption in the cold
Generally, are personal circumstances or genetic factors more important in determining a
person’s fitness-related responses to exercise training? Briefly justify your answer, by
mentioning relevant personal factors or the nature of supporting evidence.
Personal factors
Relevant factors = age, sex, genetic, preference
Relevant evidence = training studies show large variation from same programme
Briefly explain the differences between autonomous motivation and controlled
motivation, in terms of both their definitions and outcomes.
Autonomous motivation
- internalised, comes from self/within
- long term adherence
- increased psychological wellbeing
Controlled motivation
- externalised, comes from others
- short lived adherence
- reduced psychological wellbeing (eg depression and anxiety)
If you determine the max aerobic power (VO2 max) from measurement of oxygen consumption during a 3 stage incremental exercise test up to 85% of max heart rate, what type of test is this?
Submaximal, direct
