Generating Measuring Force Flashcards
What kind of things do non contact forces relate to?
Mass and magnitude of attraction - ie gravity
What must be applied if we want to change the state of motion of an object or body?
A force
What is a force?
A push or pull applied to an object
Explain the importance of gravity in movement
It’s a force that move things down
List the basic tenants of strength training
You can only train the muscle you activate
Muscle response is specific to the modality (or way we train it)
Muscle growth is non uniform and related to stimulus range
List the anatomical features that determine force
Muscle shape and size
List the physiological features that determine force
Muscle fibre type and level of fibre recruitment
List the mechanical features that determine force
Moment arm
Muscle length
Contraction velocity
Which part body is force generated by?
Muscle
Briefly explain the muscle make up
Muscles are made up of muscle fascicles, within the fascicles are muscle fibres, within the fibres there are myofibrils, and inside these you have the sacromere
What is the most fundamental unit in the muscle and why?
Sacromere as its where the force generation occurs
Which 2 things are within the sacromere?
Actin and myocin
Briefly explain the composition of actin and myocin in the sacromere
Actin is made up of thin filaments and myocin is made up of thicker filaments with beads attached to it, these are called the myocin heads
Briefly explain the chemical reaction between myocin and actin to create a force
The myocin heads need to bind to the actin and it pulls the actin together to create a force
What would more linkages between myocin and actin mean?
We should be able to generate more force
Briefly explain why the number of connections that we make is dependant on the length of the sacromere
If the sacromere is stretched out, then its very hard for the myocin heads to connect to the actin because is stretched out too far so therefore we can’t produce much force
Explain what happens when the sacromere shortens
There’s more overlap between the myocin and the actin and it keeps shortening to the optimal length in order to generate as much force as possible
Explain the link between the length of the sacromere and the amount of force that we can generate
When the sacromere is stretched out, it very hard for the myocin heads to connect to the actin so not much force is generated
Whereas when the sacromere shortens there is more overlap between the myocin and the actin
What impact does connecting more sacromeres?
More force
What impact does connecting more myocin heads have?
More force
What impact does connecting more sacromeres have?
More force
When doing bicep curls, how come it is so hard when your arm is fully lengthened?
Because sacromeres are not overlapped so therefore are not in a very advantageous position to generate force
When doing a bicep curl, you get to a certain point where it becomes easier, why is this?
You get to a point where your sacromeres are more overlapped
What happens when your sacromeres become more overlapped?
You have more actin and myocin binding so you can generate more force
Explain optimum point
You can’t pull anymore as you have pulled as far as you can go
Define mid point
Best advantage
Briefly explain the idea of the optimal angle/point that we can apply force
As the angle changes, the amount of force we apply changes
How do we perform tasks in a mechanically disadvantaged positions?
Redundancy
Importance of redundancy
Allows us to perform in less advantageous positions
How is force generated?
By active sarcomeres
More sarcomeres means more what?
Force
Bigger muscles mean what
More force
What do our muscles do when we want to increase the number of muscle fibres but not the space?
The muscles go on a slight angle
What do pennated muscles allow us to do?
Pack in more muscle fibres so they can produce more force
Where are most of your muscle fibres stored?
The bulge/belly
