Generating Measuring Force

Question 1

What kind of things do non contact forces relate to?

Answer 1

Mass and magnitude of attraction - ie gravity

Question 2

What must be applied if we want to change the state of motion of an object or body?

Answer 2

A force

Question 3

What is a force?

Answer 3

A push or pull applied to an object

Question 4

Explain the importance of gravity in movement

Answer 4

It’s a force that move things down

Question 5

List the basic tenants of strength training

Answer 5

You can only train the muscle you activate
Muscle response is specific to the modality (or way we train it)
Muscle growth is non uniform and related to stimulus range

Question 6

List the anatomical features that determine force

Answer 6

Muscle shape and size

Question 7

List the physiological features that determine force

Answer 7

Muscle fibre type and level of fibre recruitment

Question 8

List the mechanical features that determine force

Answer 8

Moment arm
Muscle length
Contraction velocity

Question 9

Which part body is force generated by?

Answer 9

Muscle

Question 10

Briefly explain the muscle make up

Answer 10

Muscles are made up of muscle fascicles, within the fascicles are muscle fibres, within the fibres there are myofibrils, and inside these you have the sacromere

Question 11

What is the most fundamental unit in the muscle and why?

Answer 11

Sacromere as its where the force generation occurs

Question 12

Which 2 things are within the sacromere?

Answer 12

Actin and myocin

Question 13

Briefly explain the composition of actin and myocin in the sacromere

Answer 13

Actin is made up of thin filaments and myocin is made up of thicker filaments with beads attached to it, these are called the myocin heads

Question 14

Briefly explain the chemical reaction between myocin and actin to create a force

Answer 14

The myocin heads need to bind to the actin and it pulls the actin together to create a force

Question 15

What would more linkages between myocin and actin mean?

Answer 15

We should be able to generate more force

Question 16

Briefly explain why the number of connections that we make is dependant on the length of the sacromere

Answer 16

If the sacromere is stretched out, then its very hard for the myocin heads to connect to the actin because is stretched out too far so therefore we can’t produce much force

Question 17

Explain what happens when the sacromere shortens

Answer 17

There’s more overlap between the myocin and the actin and it keeps shortening to the optimal length in order to generate as much force as possible

Question 18

Explain the link between the length of the sacromere and the amount of force that we can generate

Answer 18

When the sacromere is stretched out, it very hard for the myocin heads to connect to the actin so not much force is generated
Whereas when the sacromere shortens there is more overlap between the myocin and the actin

Question 19

What impact does connecting more sacromeres?

Answer 19

More force

Question 20

What impact does connecting more myocin heads have?

Answer 20

More force

Question 21

What impact does connecting more sacromeres have?

Answer 21

More force

Question 22

When doing bicep curls, how come it is so hard when your arm is fully lengthened?

Answer 22

Because sacromeres are not overlapped so therefore are not in a very advantageous position to generate force

Question 23

When doing a bicep curl, you get to a certain point where it becomes easier, why is this?

Answer 23

You get to a point where your sacromeres are more overlapped

Question 24

What happens when your sacromeres become more overlapped?

Answer 24

You have more actin and myocin binding so you can generate more force

Question 25

Explain optimum point

Answer 25

You can’t pull anymore as you have pulled as far as you can go

Question 26

Define mid point

Answer 26

Best advantage

Question 27

Briefly explain the idea of the optimal angle/point that we can apply force

Answer 27

As the angle changes, the amount of force we apply changes

Question 28

How do we perform tasks in a mechanically disadvantaged positions?

Answer 28

Redundancy

Question 29

Importance of redundancy

Answer 29

Allows us to perform in less advantageous positions

Question 30

How is force generated?

Answer 30

By active sarcomeres

Question 31

More sarcomeres means more what?

Answer 31

Force

Question 32

Bigger muscles mean what

Answer 32

More force

Question 33

What do our muscles do when we want to increase the number of muscle fibres but not the space?

Answer 33

The muscles go on a slight angle

Question 34

What do pennated muscles allow us to do?

Answer 34

Pack in more muscle fibres so they can produce more force

Question 35

Where are most of your muscle fibres stored?

Answer 35

The bulge/belly